Ko te Euxenite, e mōhiotia ana i roto i te mātai kōhatu hou ko Euxenite-(Y), he kōhuke waikura whenua onge-maha e noho ana hei kāinga matua mō ngā huānga kaha-ā-papa maha. Ko tōna hanganga matū e whakaaturia ana e te tātai (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆. Ko te kōhuke nei he tae parauri-pango ki te pango-wharawhara me te kanapa iti-whakarewa ki te kanapa karaihe. Ka whakarōpūtia ia i roto i te rōpū waikura matatini, ā, ka hanga i tētahi raupapa whakarewa totoka me te polycrase-(Y). Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i ēnei e rua e tautuhia ana e te ōwehenga o te niobium me te tantalum ki te titanium; ko te euxenite e tohua ana e te nui o te niobium me te tantalum, ko te polycrase he titanium-te nui. Nā te noho mai o te toriama me te uranium irirangi, ko te nuinga o ngā tauira māori ka haere i te tukanga metamictization, e whakararuraru ai te iraruke matūriki-alpha i te whakatakotoranga tioata i roto i te wā matawhenua, ka puta he āhua kore-ahua, karaihe-rite o roto ahakoa te pupuri i tōna āhua tioata o waho.
Ko te hanganga o te euxenite e hono ana ki ngā pegmatites kiripaka, inarā ki ērā o te karaehe huānga onge. Ka whakapakarihia i ngā wā whakamutunga o te wehewehenga magmatic ina tino whakakikoruatia ngā huānga hotokore—arā, ngā huānga kāore e uru pai ki roto i ngā hanganga o ngā kohuke hanga toka noa pēnei i te kiripaka, te feldspar rānei—ki roto i te whakarewa toenga. He maha ngā wā ka kitea i te taha o ētahi atu kohuke onge pēnei i te monazite, te xenotime, te beryl, me te columbite. I tua atu i tōna putanga tuatahi i roto i ngā toka ahi, ko te taumaha motuhake o te kohuke (mai i te 4.7 ki te 5.0) me tōna ātete ki te hāwaretanga matū e taea ai e ia te noho tonu i roto i ngā putunga alluvial tuarua. Nō reira, he maha ngā wā ka whakahokia mai i ngā onepu kohuke taumaha me ngā putunga placer i te taha o te koura me te magnetite. Kua tuhia ngā putanga whenua matua ki ngā māra pegmatite o Nōwei, Madagascar, Ontario (Kānata), me te rohe o Minas Gerais o Parīhi.
I whakamāramatia tuatahitia a Euxenite i te tau 1840 (me te whakamāramatanga ōkawa anō i te tau 1870) i runga i ngā tauira i tikina mai i Jøland, Nōwei. Ko te kaihura tuatahi ko te tohunga whenua Nōwei a Balthazar Mathias Keilhau, ko te ingoa ōkawa i whakawhiwhia ki te tohunga matū Tiamana a Friedrich Scheerer. Ko te takenga o te kupu i ahu mai i te kupu Kariki a euxenos, te tikanga he “manaaki i ngā tauhou.” I whakaarohia tēnei kupu hei kupu whakarite pūtaiao mō te hiahia matū uaua o te kohuke; e “manaaki” ana i te tini o ngā huānga whenua onge me te konganuku ki roto i tōna hanganga, i whakaarohia he mea “tauhou” rānei ki te hapori matū i te wā i kitea ai. Puta noa i te rautau 1900, i whai take a euxenite ki te ahumahi me te pūtaiao hei puna yttrium me niobium, ā, ka noho tonu hei kohuke whakahirahira mō ngā rangahau geochronological nā tōna ihirangi radioactive, e taea ai e ngā kaipūtaiao te whakatau i te pakeke o ngā pūnaha pegmatitic e noho ana ia.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me te Matū
Ko te Euxenite-(Y) he kohuke waikura whenua onge matatini e whakapakari ana i roto i te pūnaha tioata orthorhombic, inarā i roto i te rōpū mokowā Pnma. Ko te hoahoanga o roto o te kohuke e tohuhia ana e te anga o ngā octahedra (Nb,Ta,Ti)O₆ e hono tapa ana e hono tahi ana hei hanga i ngā mekameka takahuri. Ka waihanga ēnei mekameka i ngā kōhao hanganga me ngā wāhi whakauru e nohoia ana e ngā kātiuna waru-ruruku nui ake, ko te yttrium me ētahi atu huānga whenua onge te nuinga. Heoi, nā te noho tonu o ngā parakino irirangi pēnei i te thorium me te uranium e whakakapi ana ki te whāriki, ka kitea nuitia te euxenite i roto i te āhua metamict. I tēnei āhua, ko te tukunga matūriki-alfa me ngā karihi whakamuri kua pupuhi i te whāriki mō ngā miriona tau, e whakawhati ana i te whakaritenga o ngā ngota me te huri i te kohuke hei matū isotropic, rite-karaihe. Ina tukua ēnei tauira metamict ki te whakamātautau taiwhanga i ngā pāmahana tiketike, ka taea e te pūngao nekehanga te hoki whakamuri ngā ngota ki ō rātou tūnga taurite whakamaoritanga, e whakaora ana i te tauira tītaha orthorhombic taketake.
He tinana, he ātaahua te ahua o te euxenite me te tae mai i te pango tāhei hōhonu ki te whero, ki te pango parauri rānei. Ko tōna kanapa e kīia ana he iti-konganuku, he kāpia rānei, ā, ka kitea he karaihe i runga i ngā mata whati hou. He kōhatu pūmau tonu, he 5.5 ki te 6.5 te pakeke o Mohs, nā reira he pakeke ake i te karaihe engari he ngāwari ake i te kiripaka. Ko tētahi āhuatanga tinana matua hei tautohu ko tōna whati anga—he mea whati ki ngā mata maeneene, ānau e rite ana ki te āhua o te anga—e tino kitea ana i roto i ngā tauira metamict kāore ōna papa māwehenga māori. He nui te taumahatanga motuhake o te kōhatu, i te nuinga o te wā kei waenganui i te 4.7 me te 5.0, ahakoa ka rerekē tēnei uara i runga i te ōwehenga o te tantalum ki te niobium.
Mātai, ko te kohuke e tautuhia ana e te tātai whānui (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆. He pito mutunga tēnei o te raupapa whakarewa totoka matatini me te polycrase-(Y). Ko te rerekētanga matū matua i waenganui i a rāua ko te nui o te titanium; e ai ki te whakarōpūtanga kohuke, ka kīia he euxenite tētahi tauira ina nui ake te tapeke ngota o te niobium me te tantalum i tō te titanium. He tino ātete ki te pāpāringa matū me te nuinga o ngā waikawa noa, e taea ai e ia te noho tonu i te taiao i muri roa i te pirau o tōna toka kāinga. Nō reira, ahakoa ka kitea tuatahitia i roto i ngā pegmatite kiripaka e hono ana ki te kiripaka, te feldspar, me te mika, ka kitea anō i ngā putunga parahanga kohuke taumaha me ngā onepu pango parahanga. Nā tōna uraniana me te toriana, ka karapotia ia e te “hāro pleochroic” i roto i ngā kohuke kāinga pērā i te biotite, i puta mai i te pākino ā-rohe ki te anga kiripata huri noa.
Ngā Āhuatanga Iraruke me ngā Whakamahinga o te Euxenite-(Y)
Ko te irirangi o roto i te Euxenite-(Y) i ahu mai i te whakakapinga o te uranium me te torium ki roto i tōna anga kirikiri matatini, e noho ai ēnei huānga irirangi ki ngā tūranga hanganga rite tonu ki te yttrium me ētahi atu huānga whenua onge. I roto i ngā wā roa o te wā āhuatanga, ka pā te whakapākūkū o roto o te kohuke ki ngā tukunga matūriki alpha me te whakahokinga karihi i te wā e pirau ana ēnei momo irirangi. Nā tēnei irirangi o roto e mau tonu ana, ka puta he āhuatanga e kīia nei ko te metamictization, e wāwāhi ana i te whakaritenga ngota o te wā, ka huri i te kohuke orthorhombic i whai hanganga i mua ki tētahi āhua kore-hanganga, rite ki te karaihe. I roto i tōna taiao māori, ka kitea tēnei āhua irirangi e ngā porowhita pleochroic, he porowhita kino ā-tinana i puta mai i te irirangi ki ngā kohuke e karapoti ana.
I roto i ngā whakamahinga whaihua, ko te Euxenite-(Y) he kohinga whenua nui mō ētahi rawa matua, tae atu ki te yttrium me ētahi atu whenua onge taumaha e tino hiahiatia ana mō te hikohiko hou me ngā kaikawe hiko. Ka tukatukahia hoki hei tango i ngā konganuku whakapakeke pēnei i te niobium me te tantalum, e kore e taea te karo i te hanga o ngā koranu kaha-nui me ngā pūnga hiko mō te hangarau pūkoro. I tua atu i te tangohanga rawa, he wāhi nui te kohuke ki te tātai whenua, nā te mea ko te noho o te uranium me te thorium kua mau e taea ai e ngā pūtaiao te whakamahi i te whakatau U-Pb hei whakatau i te pakeke o ngā pegmatite kirikiri. I tua atu, ka whakamahia te Euxenite-(Y) ki te rangahau pūtaiao mō te whakahaere para karihi, nā te mea ko tōna kaha ki te noho pūmau matū i te wā e mau ana i ngā iraruke iraruke he tauira māori hei whakawhanake i ngā rawa rokiroki waihanga mō te para karihi roa.