Ko te Shortite he kohuke waroā onge e titoa ana i te konutai me te konupūmā waroā, me te tātai matū e whakaaetia ana ko Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃. Nō te akomanga kohuke waroā, ā, ka tioata i roto i te pūnaha tioata orthorhombic. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whanake te kohuke hei tioata papatahi, porotaka, poraka rānei, ā, ka puta anō hei whakahiato kirikiri i roto i ngā toka parataiao e mau ana i te whāiti. He kore tae, he mā, he kōwhai pūaho, he kōwhai-mātārere rānei te Shortite, ahakoa he rerekētanga iti o te tae i ahu mai i ngā parakino, i te panonitanga rānei. Ko tōna kanapa he kanapa karaihe ki te hinuhinu paku, ā, ka kitea i ētahi wā ngā tioata mārama ki te mārama paku i roto i ngā tauira e tino tiakina ana. He 3 ki te 3.5 te pakeke o Shortite i runga i te tauine Mohs, nō reira he ngohengohe, ā, ka taea te waruhia e ngā taonga whakarewa noa. He tino wehenga te kohuke, he mā te kōwata, ā, ko tōna taumaha motuhake kei waenga i te 2.4 me te 2.5. Pērā i te nuinga o ngā kohuke waroā, ka tauhohe ki ngā waikawa waimeha, ka puta he pāpātanga ngoikore, ā, he āhua wairewa i roto i te wai i raro i ētahi tikanga. Ko tētahi o ōna āhuatanga tinana e mōhiotia nuitia ana ko tōna tīaho kaha i raro i te rama ultraviolet, i reira ka whakaatu ngā tauira i te tīaho kōwhai, amipere, karaka rānei nā ngā pūmotu whakahohe tohu i roto i te hanganga tioata.
Ko te hanga o Shortite i raro i ngā āhuatanga matū motuhake e pā ana ki ngā taiao kawakawa me te tote. Ka kitea nuitia i roto i ngā pūnaha roto kati o nehe i reira te whakaetonga e tino nui ake ana i te whakaurunga wai māori. I te hekenga o ngā taumata wai mō ngā wā roa, ka kaha ake te whakakikī o ngā katote konutai, konupūmā, me te warowaihā i roto i ngā toenga wai tote. Ka tae ana ēnei wairewa ki ngā taumata whakawīwī e tika ana, ka timata te whakaheke o ngā kohuke warowaihā, tae atu ki a Shortite me ētahi atu momo warowaihā konutai. He tino tohu tēnei kohuke mō ngā raupapa parataiao whakaetonga i whakatakotoria i roto i ngā āhuarangi maroke me te āhua-maroke, i reira ngā huringa tāruarua o te waipuke, te whakaetonga, me te whakakikī matū e waihanga ana i ngā āhuatanga pai mō tōna hanganga. I te nuinga o te wā, ka tupu a Shortite ehara i te mea mā te whakaheke tika mai i ngā wairewa roto anake, engari hoki i te wā o te diagenesis, te tukanga e panoni ai te tinana me te matū o ngā parataiao i muri i te tanumanga. I te wā o te diagenesis, ka pāhekoheko ngā wai pore tote ki ngā kohuke o mua i raro i ngā pāmahana me ngā pēhanga iti, e taea ai te tipu o ngā tioata Shortite i roto i ngā kōhatu paru, ngā toka hinu, me ētahi atu toka parataiao. Ahakoa ko ngā putunga parataiao whakaetonga te tino putanga, kua pūrongohia ētahi tauira onge mai i ngā taiao toka ahi kawakawa, tae atu ki ētahi carbonatite me ngā pūnaha e pā ana ki te kimberlite, i reira ngā wairewa toka ahi e whai warowaihā ana e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga matū e tika ana mō te whakatioata.
I whakaahuatia tuatahitia a Shortite i te tau 1939 i muri i tana tautuhitanga i roto i nga rawa matua o te poka i tangohia mai i te Green River Formation o Wyoming, United States. I akohia me te whakaatu okawatia te kohuke e te tohunga kohuke o Amerika a Joseph J. Fahey, nana i mohio he momo warowaiha kore e mohiotia ana i mua. I muri mai ka whakaingoatia hei whakanui i a Dr. Maxwell N. Short, he ahorangi mo te kohuke me te petrography, nana nei nga mahi i whai waahi ki te ako mo te moroiti o te whenua me te matawhenua ohaoha. Mai i tona kitenga, kua noho a Shortite hei tohu kohuke nui mo te tirotiro i nga taiao roto kawakore tawhito. Ko tona putanga he whakaatu i nga tikanga whakaheke tote nui, he nui te konutai, me te awhina i nga kaimatai whenua ki te hanga ano i te huarere tawhito me nga hitori o te taiao tawhito. Ko te Green River Formation tetahi o nga waahi rongonui rawa atu mo Shortite, a kua whakarato i te maha o nga tauira e whakamahia ana i roto i te rangahau kohuke. Ahakoa karekau he tono arumoni nui te kohuke ake, kaore hoki e keria hei kohuke whenua, ka puta tahi me nga kohuke whakaeto ohaoha nui penei i te trona. Ko enei putunga e hono ana he puna nui mo te pungarehu hou, he rawa mata e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i te hanga karaihe, te hanga matū, te maimoatanga wai, me nga horoi. No reira, ko te ako o Shortite e whai waahi ana ki te maarama ki nga peihana whakaeto kei roto nga rawa kohuke ahumahi whai hua.
Te Hanganga Karaihe o Shortite
Ko te Shortite e whakatoi ana i roto i te pūnaha tioata orthorhombic, ā, e tohua ana e tētahi anga matatini o ngā rōpū konutai (Na), konupūmā (Ca), me te warowākona (CO₃) kua whakaritea ki tētahi tukutuku ahu-toru raupapa. Ko tōna hanganga tioata i hangaia mai i ngā paparanga tauutuutu o te konupūmā me te konutai polyhedra e honoa tahitia ana e ngā anion warowākona tapatoru, e whakaputa ana i tētahi anga warowākona pūmau engari he wairewa noa. Ko tētahi āhuatanga rongonui o ngā tioata Shortite ko tō rātou kaha ki te hemimorphism, arā, ka taea e ngā pito whakapae o tētahi tioata te whanake rerekē nā te kore ōrite i roto i te hanganga tioata. Ko ngā tioata e tino hanga pai ana he papa, he pūtara, he poraka rānei, ā, he maha ngā wā e whakaatu ana i ngā mata tioata motuhake me ngā papa wehenga. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau hanganga ko te whakaritenga o ngā rōpū warowākona tētahi wāhi nui ki te whakatau i te whanonga whatu o te kohuke, ngā āhuatanga wehenga, me te pūmau matū. Ka hanga te tukutuku tioata i raro i ngā tikanga kawakawa nui, konutai-nui, e whakaata ana i ngā taiao matū whenua motuhake e whanake ai te Shortite.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me te Matū o te Shortite
Ko te Shortite he kohuke waro āhua ngāwari, he 3 ki te 3.5 te pakeke o Mohs, e rite ana ki te pakeke o te calcite, ā, ka taea te waruhia e ngā mea whakarewa noa. He kore tae, he mā, he kōwhai pūkōrito, he kōwhai-mātomato rānei te tae, ā, he mārama ki te āhua mārama. He kanapa karaihe ki te kanapa hinuhinu iti, he mā te kiri, ā, ko te taumaha motuhake kei waenganui i te 2.4 me te 2.5. He maha ngā aronga o te wehenga tino pai, e pakaru ai ngā tioata ki ngā papa maeneene, pai hoki. I runga i te matū, he waro rua a Shortite i hanga mai i te konutai me te konupūmā, e whakaatuhia ana e te tātai Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃. He āhua wairewa i roto i te wai ina whakaritea ki ētahi atu kohuke waro, ā, ka huri haere pea ina pā ki te makuku roa, ki ngā āhuatanga huarere rānei. Pērā i te nuinga o ngā waro, ka tauhohe ki te waikawa haumāota waimeha, ka puta he pūhā ngoikore i te tukunga o te hauhā. I raro i te rama tūāwhiorangi, he maha ngā tauira e whakaatu ana i te kōwhai kaha, te amipere, te karaka rānei, he āhuatanga e kīia ana nā ngā parahanga iti me ngā koha hanganga i roto i te whakatakotoranga tioata. Ko ēnei āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-matū e whakakotahi ana, e waiho ai a Shortite hei kohuke tohu whaihua i roto i ngā rangahau o ngā taiao parataiao me te waikura pāpāho.
Ngā Whakamahinga o te Shortite
He iti noa iho ngā whakamahinga ahumahi tōtika o te Shortite nā te mea he onge, he nui te whakarewanga, ā, he iti noa te putanga ki ngā putunga evaporite motuhake. Heoi, he nui tōna hiranga pūtaiao i roto i ngā marama o te mineralogy, sedimentology, me te geochemistry. Ka rangahaua e ngā kaimātai whenua te Shortite hei tohu kohuke mō ngā taiao whakaheke wai tino kawakawa me te tote, inarā ngā pūnaha roto kati o nehe i whakakikī ai te whakaetonga i ngā wai kawakawa me te warowaihā. Ko tōna putanga ka taea te whakarato mōhiotanga whai hua e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga o te āhua o te rangi o nehe, te whanaketanga o te riu, me te hītori matū o ngā raupapa evaporite. He mea whakamīharo anō te Shortite ki ngā kaikohi kohuke nā te mea he onge ngā tauira kua tino whakakoia, ā, he maha ngā tauira e whakaatu ana i te tīaho kaha i raro i te rama ultraviolet. Ahakoa kāore te kohuke anō e keria hei rawa ōhanga, he maha ngā wā e hono ana ki te trona me ētahi atu kohuke warowaihā konutai e whai tikanga ana ki te hokohoko mō te whakaputanga o te pungarehu hou me ngā matū ahumahi e pā ana.