Ko Sarcolite he kohuke anihate konupūmā konutai konumohe takatakawai anāhu kore e tino kitea ana, ko tōna tātai matū e tika ana ko NaCa₈Al₄Si₈O₃₀. Nō te rōpū feldspathoid o ngā kohuke takatakawai, ā, ka tio ki roto i te pūnaha tio tapawhā. Ko te kohuke nei he matū nui tonu o te konupūmā, konutai, konumohe, takatakawai, me te hāora, ahakoa he panoni matū iti pea i ngā tauira māori. Ka kitea te Sarcolite i roto i ngā toka whakapā metamorpi e whai konupūmā ana, me ngā putunga skarn, i reira ka puta i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahana nui mā te tauhohenga i waenga i ngā toka waro me ngā wai whakarewa. Nā te mea ka puta te kohuke i raro i ngā āhuatanga matawhenua motuhake, he iti tōna tohatoha māori ki te whakatairite ki te maha o ngā kohuke takatakawai hanga toka e mōhiotia ana.
Ko te Sarcolite te nuinga o te wā ka puta hei whakahiato kirikiri, he tioata tūāwhā poto, he papatipu kōpīpī rānei e mau ana i roto i ngā toka kōnohi-kirikiri. He iti noa iho te nui o ngā tioata kua tino whanake, ā, he iti te rahi o te nuinga o ngā tauira. Ko te kohuke nei he kore tae, he mā, he hina kōmā, he kirīmi, he māwhero māmā rānei, he kanapa karaihe, ā, he mārama ki te mārama-kore te āhua. He ōrite ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana ki ētahi atu kohuke kōnohi-kirikiri maha, nā reira e whai hua ai ngā tikanga taiwhanga pēnei i te whakamararatanga hihi-X me te tātaritanga miro-irahiko hei tautuhi tika. Mai i te tirohanga ā-tātaiwhenua, e hono ana te Sarcolite ki te whānuihanga whakapā me ngā tukanga metasomatic i ngā taiao nui te kōnohi. Ka puta tahi ia ki ngā kohuke pēnei i te wollastonite, te vesuvianite, te gehlenite, te karanehe, te diopside, te melilite, me te kāraitī. Ko te putanga o te Sarcolite e whakaata ana i te hanganga matū o ngā toka kaihau me ngā horopaki i pāhekoheko ai te magma huri noa me ngā wai waiariki ki ngā toka pākawa-waro. Ahakoa he iti te whakamahinga arumoni nā te onge, kua tuhia te Sarcolite ki ngā rangahau kohuke me ngā kohinga whare taonga hei tētahi o ngā kohuke e tohu ana i ngā whakahiatotanga kōnohi-kirikiri i hanga i te wā o te whānuihanga whakapā.
Hītori o Sarcolite
I whakaahuatia tuatahitia a Sarcolite i te timatanga o te rautau 1800 mai i te pupuhi puia i hono atu ki a Monte Somma me Maunga Vesuvius e tata ana ki Naples, Itari. I kitea te kohuke i roto i nga kongakonga kowhatu pākeho kua whakarereketia e nga tukanga puia wera nui, he waahi whenua e mohiotia ana mo te whakaputa i te tini o nga kohuke konupūmā pīataata kāore i noa. Ko te ingoa Sarcolite i ahu mai i te kupu Kariki kikokiko, ko te tikanga “kikokiko,” e tohu ana ki te āhua kikokiko kōtea i kitea i ētahi o ngā tauira taketake.
I te rautau tekau mā iwa, i tirotirohia a Sarcolite ki te taha o ētahi atu kōhuke i kohia mai i te pūhui puia o Somma-Vesuvius i te wā e mahi ana ngā tohunga kōhuke ki te whakarōpū i ngā momo kōhuke hāora rerekē i puta mai i ngā tukanga puia me te whakawhitiwhiti pārūtawhā. I te pai haere o ngā tikanga tātari, pēnei i te tirohanga kōhuke whatu, te whakamārama hihi-X, me te tātari pōtiro irahiko, i whiwhi ai ngā kairangahau i te māramatanga ā-ringa ake o tōna hanganga karaihe me tōna hanganga matū. I whakapūmautia e ēnei rangahau kei te rōpū feldspathoid o ngā kōhuke tectosilicate a Sarcolite, ā, he rerekē tōna hanganga me tōna hanganga matū i ngā feldspars ahakoa he ōrite ētahi āhuatanga o te hanganga matū.
I tenei ra, e mohiotia ana ko te Sarcolite he kohuke tino noa, he iti noa nga wa i kitea ai puta noa i te ao. Ko te nuinga o nga wa ka whakaahuatia i roto i nga tuhinga mo te kohuke, i nga rangahau whenua, me nga kohinga whare taonga, e hono ana ki nga toka calc-silicate metamorphic whakapiri me nga xenoliths pāpāho puia. Ahakoa kua puta etahi waahi hou i roto i te wa, ko nga waahi matarohia i te rohe o Somma-Vesuvius kei te noho tonu hei tohutoro rongonui mo te kohuke.
Te hanganga o Sarcolite
Ka puta te Sarcolite i te nuinga o te wā i te wā o te whakawhitiwhitinga pā me te whakarerekētanga metasomatic o ngā toka warowākawa e hira ana te konupūmā. Ka tupu te kohuke ina pā atu te kōhatu taketake, te kōhatu tāora rānei ki te maama wera, ki ngā wai maama rānei, e puta ai ngā tauhohenga matū e huri ai ngā kohuke warowākawa taketake hei huinga kōhatu-konupūmā-kūrakuraka. Ka puta ēnei tauhohenga i raro i ngā pāmahana tino tiketike me ngā pēhanga iti, he āhuatanga e tohu ana i ngā taiao whakawhitiwhiti pā e kāpiti ana i ngā urunga ahi.
Ko te hanganga o Sarcolite e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wātea o te konupūmā, te konutai, te konumohe, me te tioata i roto i ngā toka a tawhio noa me ngā wai whakawera. I a te magma e mātao ana, ka heke haere ngā wai kaha matū i roto i ngā māwheratanga me ngā mokowā puare o ngā toka warowaihā e pātata ana, e whakauru ana, e tohatoha anō rānei i ngā huānga e whakatairanga ana i te whakakoikoi o ngā kohuke hou. I raro i ngā āhuatanga matū e tika ana, ka taea e Sarcolite te whakakoikoi tahi me ētahi atu kohuke hauhā-konupūmā tae atu ki te wollastonite, gehlenite, melilite, vesuvianite, diopside, garnet, me te calcite. Ko te huinga kohuke tika e rerekē ana i runga i te hanganga o te toka kaihautū, te matū wai, te pāmahana, me te whānuitanga o te whakarerekētanga matū.
I tua atu i ngā papa whakaōrite whakapā, kua kitea hoki a Sarcolite i roto i ngā paratū puia e mau ana i ngā kōhatu tāwhi māpere. I ēnei taiao, ka uru ngā kongakonga papa waro ki roto i te matiti e piki ake ana, ka whakawerawera tere, ka taunekeneke matū ki ngā rewa puia me ngā hau. Ēnei tauhohenga ā-rohe ka puta mai ngā kohuke waiwaro-konupūmā i raro i ngā tikanga e rite ana ki ērā i roto i ngā porowhita whakaōrite whakapā. Nā te mea ka puta a Sarcolite i roto i te awhe whāiti noa o ngā tikanga ā-papa, ko tōna putanga i te nuinga o te wā ka whāititia ki ngā taiao waiwaro-konupūmā motuhake e hono ana ki ngā papa waro nui me te mahi matiti.
Ngā Momo Sarcolite
Kāore i rite ki te nuinga o ngā rōpū kohuke, kāore a Sarcolite e wehewehea ki ngā momo kohuke maha e mōhiotia ana, ki ngā momo rerekē rānei i runga i te hanganga matū, i te hanganga tioata rānei. E mōhiotia ana he momo kohuke kotahi e te International Mineralogical Association (IMA). Heoi, ko ngā tauira māori ka whakaatu pea i ngā rerekētanga iti i te tae, i te āhua o te tioata, i te hanganga matū hoki i runga i tō rātou taiao ā-whenua me ngā kohuke e pātata ana.
- Sarcolite tae kore – He tioata mārama ki te māramarama, kore whakakapinga huanga iti nui. Ko tēnei tētahi o ngā āhua iti rawa te kitea i ngā tauira māori.
- Sarcolite mā – Ko te āhua e kitea nuitia ana, he kohinga kirikiri, he tioata iti ahua-pou rānei i roto i ngā toka kāratu-silika.
- Kirīmi ki te Māwhero Kōmā Sarcolite – Ka whakaatu i te waita kōremoremo māmā, he waita tae kiri rānei, te āhua i whakahihiko i te ingoa o te kohuke. Ko te tae e kīia ana nā ngā poke iti, nā te rerekētanga māori o te hanganga rānei.
- Sarcolite nui – Ka puta hei papatipu kōripo, kōpata rānei e tipu tahi ana me ētahi atu kohuke pākawa-kirikiri, kaua hei tioata motuhake. Koinei te tikanga tino noa i roto i ngā toka whakawhiti āhua.
- Sarakōraiti tioata – Ka whanake hei kiripiri tetragonal iti, hei pata prismatic poto ranei i roto i nga whakahekenga skarn me nga xenoliths kowhatu kiripaka kua panoni. Ko nga kiripiri pai te hanga he mea onge noa.
Te Putanga me te Tohatoha
Ko te Sarcolite he iti noa iho tōna tohatoha ki te ao whānui, ina whakatauritea ki ngā kohuke silicate maha, ā, e hono ana ki ngā taiao whakarerekē whakapā e whai ana i ngā toka waro konupūmā. Ka kitea nuitia i roto i ngā toka calc-silicate, ngā skarns, me ngā xenoliths toka pākeho kua panonitia kua pāngia e te mahana nui i te whakawhitiwhiti ki ngā urunga magmatic, ki ngā mahi puia rānei. Nā te mea ka puta te kohuke i raro i ngā tikanga matū me te wera motuhake, he ruarua noa ngā wāhi kua tuhia.
Ko te putanga tawhito me te tino rongonui o te Sarcolite ko te whare puia o Monte Somma–Mount Vesuvius e tata ana ki Naples, Itari, i reira i kitea tuatahitia ai te kohuke. I tenei rohe, ka puta te Sarcolite i roto i nga kongakonga pākeho i whakaurua ki roto i nga pupūnga puia, ka whakarerekētia e nga tukanga magmatic wera nui. Ko enei putanga kua noho hei whenua tohutoro mo nga rangahau kohuke mai i te rautau tekau ma iwa. Kua puta etahi atu putanga mai i etahi whenua maha, tae atu ki Tiamani, Rūhia, Hāpani, Kanata, te United States, me Iharaira, ahakoa he mea noa te kohuke ki enei whenua. I te nuinga o nga wa, ka kitea te Sarcolite i te taha o nga toka calc-silicate whakawhitia e te pā, ki nga putunga skarn ranei i hangaia i te wahi i whakarerekētia ai nga toka warokonati e nga whakaurunga igneous tata. He iti noa nga tioata takitahi, a ko te nuinga o te wa ka puta te kohuke me etahi atu silicates nui konupūmā, kaua hei tauira motuhake.
Ko te Sarcolite e hono ana ki ngā karaehe pēnei i te wollastonite, te gehlenite, te melilite, te vesuvianite, te diopside, te grossular, te calcite, te garnet, te spinel, te perovskite, me te monticellite. Ēnei whakahiato karaehe e whakaata ana i ngā taiao e nui ana te konupūmā, e iti ana te tākata, i pāngia e te panonitanga whakapā me te whakarerekētanga metasomatik. Ko te noho mai o te Sarcolite i roto i ēnei whakahiato e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki ngā tikanga matū i hanga ai ngā toka kāinga, ā, i whakarerekētia ai i muri mai.
Hanganga Karaihe
Ka whakakristal a Sarcolite ki te pūnaha kirikiri tetragonal, ā, nō te rōpū feldspathoid o ngā kohuke tectosilicate. Ko tōna hanga kirikiri he anga a-toru o ngā tetrahedra konumohe-hāora me takawai-hāora e hono ana, e hanga ana i tētahi tukutuku tuwhera. Ka noho te konupūmā me te konutai ki ngā wāhi hanga nui i roto i tēnei anga, hei āwhina i te tiaki i te taurite hiko me te pūmau o te hanganga. Ko tēnei anga e wehewehe i a Sarcolite mai i ngā silicates mekameka, ngā silicates rau, me ngā silicates mōwhiti, ka whakanoho i a ia ki te rōpū iti tectosilicate ahakoa te uaua o tōna hanganga matū.
Ka taea e te whatinga tioata te whakakapi matū iti, inarā i waenga i te konutai me ētahi atu huānga kawakawa, ahakoa ko te Sarcolite i te nuinga o te wā e mau ana i te hanganga rite tonu ki te whakataurite ki te maha atu o ngā kohuke silicate. Ko ngā rerekētanga o te ihirangi huānga tohu ka awe pea i te tae me ētahi atu āhuatanga ā-tinana iti, engari kāore e whakarerekētia nuitia te hanganga tioata katoa. Ka whanake te kohuke i te nuinga o te wā hei tioata prismatic poto, hei whakahuihui kirikiri rānei, engari ko ngā tioata euhedral e tino hangaia ana, kāore i te tino noa, nā te mea he iti noa iho ngā āhuatanga e whakatau ai te kohuke.
Ko te hanganga karaihe o Sarcolite e pāmamae ana i raro i ngā āhuatanga o te wera nui, te haumāota nui e pā ana ki te pānga whakawhiti, engari kāore e tino hangaia i ētahi atu taiao matawhenua. Nā reira, ko te kohuke nei e herea ana ki ngā huihuinga calc-silicate i whakaputaina e ngā tauhohenga metasomatic i waenga i ngā kōhatu waro me ngā waiā-ringa. Ko ngā rangahau hanganga e whakamahi ana i te tīwhititanga hihi X kua whakarato i ngā kōrero kiko mō te whakaritenga o ngā ngota i roto i te kohuke, ā, kua whakamana i tōna whakarōpūtanga i roto i te rōpū feldspathoid.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me te Matū
Ko te Sarcolite he kore tae, he mā, he hina māmā, he kirīmi, he māwhero māmā rānei, ahakoa he paku rerekētanga o te tae i ētahi wā nā te iti o te poke matū, nā ngā kōhuke e pātata ana rānei. Ko te kōhuke nei he tīaho karaihe te nuinga, ā, mai i te mārama ki te pūataata. Ko te nuinga o ngā tauira māori e puta ana hei pūhui kirikiri, hei tioata pūhihi iti rānei, engari ko ngā tioata euhēdara kua tino whanake he mea kāore i tino noa. Ko ngā mata o ngā tioata hou he kanapa, he karaihe te nuinga, engari ko ngā tauira kua pākia e te huarere ka pūaho pea nā te panoni o te mata.
Ko te Sarcolite he pakeke Mohs e tata ana ki te 5 ki te 6, e kaha ana ki te āta whakapāpā. Ko tōna taumahatanga motuhake e tata ana ki te 2.9 ki te 3.1, e whakaata ana i tōna hanganga matū kōmaki. He iti noa te wāwāhitanga, he koretake rānei, ā, he koretake, he koretake rānei te whatianga. Ko te puehu o te kohuke he mā, ā, he pakarukaru, e whati ana, kāore e whakarerekē ina pāngia e te pēhanga. Ko ēnei āhuatanga tinana he mea noa ki te maha o ngā kohuke tātai kōiri e kitea ana i ngā taiao whakawhitinga hukarere.I roto i te matū, ko te Sarcolite he kōnoke wētā kowhatu konupūmā konutai konumohe konutea, me te tātai pai ko NaCa₈Al₄Si₈O₃₀. Ko te konupūmā te katio nui i roto i te hanganga karaihe, ka noho te konutai ki ētahi atu wāhi hanganga hei āwhina i te tauritenga o te hiko. Ko te konumohe me te konutea hei hanga i te anga pātiki e whakaaturia ana e ngā kohuke tātai. Ka taea e te pāhare pāporo, te konupora, te rino, me ētahi atu huānga tohu te whakakapi iti i roto i ngā tauira māori, ahakoa he iti noa te pānga ki te hanganga matū me te hanganga karaihe o te kohuke.
Nā te mea he maha ngā wā e pūtake tahi ai te Sarcolite me ētahi atu kohuke konupūmā pūtaiwhata, he uaua te tautuhi ā-mara i runga anake i te āhua. Ko ngā kohuke pērā i te gehlenite, melilite, wollastonite, me te vesuvianite ka puta pea i ngā horopaki ā-papa rite, ā, e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana inaki. Mō tēnei take, ko ngā tikanga taiwhanga tae atu ki Whakamaringiringi hihi X (XRD), ko te tātaritanga microprobe irahiko (EPMA), te whakamātau Raman, me te petrography optical e whakamahia nuitia ana hei whakapūmau i te tautuhi o Sarcolite me te wehewehe i ētahi atu kohuke calc-silicate.
Ngā whakamahinga o Sarcolite
Kaore he whakamahinga nui a Sarcolite mo te arumoni, te ahumahi ranei na te mea he onge, he iti hoki te putanga. Kāore te kohuke e keria hei kōreko, ā, kāore anō e whakamahia hei kōhatu utu nui, hei rauemi whakapaipai rānei i runga i te tauine arumoni. Ko te nuinga o ngā tauira e mōhiotia ana he iti noa iho, ka puta i roto i ngā toka kua rerekē te hanga o te pākawa, nā reira he uaua te whiwhi kiripiri nui, tino kounga hoki. I roto i te mātauranga kohuke me te petrology, ka akohia a Sarcolite hei wāhanga o ngā kohinga kohuke he paraka me te skarn. Ko tōna putanga hei āwhina i ngā kairangahau ki te whakamārama i ngā ahuatanga matū i puta i te wā o te taunekeneke i waenga i ngā toka warowaihā me ngā wai maaka. Ina kitea ngātahi me ngā kohuke pēnei i te gehlenite, melilite, wollastonite, me te vesuvianite, ka whai wāhi a Sarcolite ki te mārama ki te whanaketanga o ngā toka kua rerekē te hanga o te pākawa i hangaia i raro i ngā ahuatanga whakawhiti pāmahana-tiketike.
Kei roto hoki a Sarcolite i ngā kohinga whare taonga, ngā kohinga whakaako o te whare wānanga, me ngā kohinga kohuke tohutoro nā te mea he kohuke tectosilicate tino koretake. Ka whakamahia ngā tauira kua tuhia pai mai i ngā wāhi matarohia pēnei i te puia Monte Somma–Mount Vesuvius mō te tautuhi kohuke, ngā rangahau whakakikorua, me ngā kaupapa mātauranga. Ahakoa he iti noa ngā whakamahinga whaihua o te kohuke i waho atu o te rangahau pūtaiao me te kohikohi, ka noho tonu hei wāhanga o te kanorau kohuke kua tuhia e pā ana ki te panoni whakapā me te panoni waroā puia.