Ko te Purpurite he kohuke manganīhi ūkuikui, he mea whakamīharo ki te titiro, e whakanuia ana i roto i te hapori kohuke mō ōna tae waiporoporo hōhonu, mākāriki hoki, e tino kitea ana i te taiao. I tapaina i te kupu Latina “purpura”, e tohu ana i ngā waikano waiporoporo rangatira o nehe, nō te rōpū triphylite tēnei kohuke, ā, he tīaho māeneene ki te tīaho iti e hōmiromiro ana, e whakaputa ana i te tīaho whakamīharo, whakawhitiwhiti i ngā taha katoa ina pā te mārama. Ahakoa he ōrite te hanganga ki ngā kohuke rino-nui, ko te Purpurite te pito manganīhi-nui o tētahi raupapa whakarewa totoka, e tohu ana ko tōna tae kaha, rangatira hoki e herea ana ki tōna matū o roto, kaua ki ngā paruparu o waho. Ahakoa he tino uaua te kite i te Purpurite i roto i ngā tioata mārama, pai hoki e tika ana mō te whakairo kōhatu tuku iho, e tino hiahiatia ana te kohuke e ngā kaikohi, ngā kaiwhakairo kōhatu, me ngā tohunga mahi toi puta noa i te ao. He maha ngā wā ka hangaia hei kōhatu whakapaipai, hei whakairo whakapaipai, hei kōhatu whakamāori hoki, e whakaatu ana i tētahi o ngā kohinga waiporoporo tino kaha, tino whakaki hoki e kitea ana i te ao kohuke.
Ko te kōrero pūrākau o te Purpurite e whai ana i tōna kitenga pūtaiao whaimana i te tau 1905, he tohu nui i whakatakotoria e ngā kaimātai whenua o Amerika, a Louis Caryl Graton rāua ko Waldemar T. Schaller, nā rāua i tautuhi tuatahi, i whakaahua hoki i te momo kōhatu. Ko te wāhi taketake—te wāhi matawhenua motuhake i kitea tuatahitia ai te kōhatu—i whakapūmau ki roto i ngā hanganga pegmatite matatini o te hapa o Fari, kei Kings Mountain, Gaston County, North Carolina, USA. I muri tata mai i tēnei kitenga tuatahi o Amerika ki te Raki, ka tīmata ngā tohunga kōhatu me ngā kairapu ki te keri i ngā putunga taumata teitei whakamīharo i ētahi atu rohe pegmatite rongonui o te ao. Ko te rohe o Erongo i Namibia, he wāhi maroke, i puta ake hei puna matua, e rongonui ana mō te whakaputa i ngā tauira tino pai, tino nui, me te tino kaha o te tae. Kāore i rite ki ngā kōhatu utu nui tawhito e whai ana i ngā kōrero tuku iho tawhito, i ngā whakataunga a ngā kingi mō ngā rautau, kua noho motuhake a Purpurite ki tētahi wāhi hou o te ao; ko tōna pikinga tere mai i te mea hou o te matawhenua o te rautau 1900 ki te kōhatu kaingākautia e ngā kaikohi, e whakaatu ana i tōna ataahua pūmau me tōna hiranga e tipu haere ana i roto i te mātai kōhatu me ngā porohita kaikohi kōhatu o nāianei.
Ko te Purpurite e whakarōpūtia ana hei kohuke tuarua, arā, ka puta mai i roto i te tukanga matatini, maha-wāhanga o te whakarerekētanga waiariki me te huarere o te rangi i roto i ngā pegmatites kiripaka e whai ana i te lithium, e tino whakarōpūtia ana. Kāore e whakakikoruatia tika mai i te whakamatao o te magma taketake; engari, ka puta hei hua whakarerekētanga o ngā kohuke phosphate tuatahi—ko te lithiophilite (LiMnPO₄) te mea matua. I roto i ngā miriona tau, i te wa e huri haere ana ngā wai waiariki iti-te-pāmahana me te wai whenua hāora i roto i ngā whati whakamatao o ngā uaua pegmatite, ka puta he tukanga whakarewanga hōhonu. I roto i tēnei wāhanga whakarerekētanga, ka tangohia haeretia ngā katote lithium (Li⁺) i roto i te anga kiripaka lithiophilite taketake, ā, ka haria e ngā ara wai. I te wā kotahi, ko te manganese rua (Mn²⁺) e noho ana i roto i te anga hāngai e toe ana, ka whakahaerehia he tukanga whakahāora tino nui, e hiki ana ki te āhua toru (Mn³⁺). Ko tēnei whakawhitinga motuhake ki te manganese toru te chromophore—te ārai tae—e whakaputa ana i te tae waiporoporo whakamīharo o te kohuke. I te wa e tata ana te whakarerekētanga ki te whakaotinga, ka whānau mai te kohuke purpurite (MnPO₄), ka waiho i waho he kiri pango pūhoi, he parauri pouri rānei o ngā waikura manganese, e āta tangohia ana e ngā kaikohi kia kitea ai te taonga waiporoporo e huna ana i raro.
Ngā Momo me ngā Rārangi Whakarewa-Tūturu
I roto i ngā tikanga whāiti o te ahuwhenua, kāore a Purpurite e noho hei momo motuhake me tōna hanganga pūmau, engari he tohu whakamutunga mākona-nui o tētahi raupapa whakarewa-totoka hirahira, tonu. I roto i tēnei whakarōpūtanga ā-ao, ka rere mārire a Purpurite ki te Heterosite (FePO₄), koia te tohu whakamutunga rino-nui o te raupapa. Nā te mea he ōrite te hanganga karaihe o ēnei kohuke e rua, ā, ka puta mā ngā tukanga huarere ōrite, ko ngā tauira e kitea ana i te taiao he whakaranu takawaenga o ngā huānga e rua, he rerekē ngā ōwehenga o te mākona me te rino. Ko te Purpurite pono e tautuhia ana e te mana nui o te mākona ki runga i te rino. Ahakoa kāore he momo tirohanga kanohi e mōhiotia whānuitia ana, he “momo rerekē” rānei i te tauhokohoko kohatu, ka taea e te āhua o te kohuke te huri pūkeke i runga i tōna tūnga tika i roto i tēnei awhi whakarewa-totoka. Ko ngā tauira he nui ake te rino (e anga ana ki te Heterosite) ka whakaatu i ngā tae papura-parauri, te tae rauroro hōhonu rānei, ko ērā e tata ana ki te tohu whakamutunga mākona parakore ka whakaatu i te tae hiko-neon-magenta e tino hiahiatia ana, e kimi kaha ana ngā kaikohi kohuke.
Ngā Tāhu me ngā Āhuatanga Whatu
Ko te āhuatanga tino motuhake o te Purpurite, ko tōna kāhui tae whakamīharo, mai i te papura kingi hōhonu, māeneene ki te mākānia, te fuchsia e āhua hangaia ana. Kāore tēnei tae kanapa i takea mai i ngā paru iti e kore e kitea, engari he āhuatanga tūturu nā te noho o te konupora manganiko (Mn³⁺) i roto i tōna anga matū matua. I runga i te tirohanga whatu, no te pūnaha tioata orthorhombic te Purpurite, ā, he tino pūrangiaho, kāore e tuku mārama kia puta ahakoa i ngā kongakonga tino angiangi. Heoi, ko ōna mata e whakaatu ana i te tīaho hiraka-ki-te-konganuku e mau ana i te mārama, e hōmai ana i te tīaho hiraka ahurei ki ngā kōhatu orohia. Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga whatu whakamīharo o te Purpurite, ko tōna āhua pleochroic kaha. Ina tirohia mai i ngā huarahi tioata rerekē i raro i te mārama whakaōrite, ka puta ngā huringa tae whakahirahira, e rere ana i waenga i te pango-parāone hōhonu, te papura-whero tino kaha, me te whero kanapa. Ki te kanohi tahanga, ka puta i ngā tauira matawhenua he hōhonutanga tae whakamīharo, maha-arahi, e wehewehe ana i a ia i ētahi atu kohuke papura o te ao.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me te Matū
Mai te tirohanga matū, ka whakarōpūtia te Purpurite hei konupūmā manganihi korewai me te tātai matū e tika ana ko MnPO₄. I whānau mai i te horonga matū nui o tōna kohuke matua, te lithiophilite, e mōhiotia ana tōna anga kirikiri e te whakawāteatanga tata-katoa o ngā katote konganuku kawakawa—arā, te lithium (Li⁺)—ka waiho he matū tino hāora. I runga i te tauine Mohs o te pakeke kohuke, he iti noa te pakeke o te Purpurite, e 4.0 ki te 4.5, e waiho ana hei tauira ngāwari e hiahia ana ki te tiaki motuhake me ngā tikanga motuhake ina tapahia, hangaia, whakaurua rānei e ngā tohunga kōhatu. He taumaha motuhake tōna e 3.20 ki te 3.40; ko tēnei kiato tino teitei he hua tika nō ngā whakawhitinga manganihi taumaha e kikii ana i roto i tōna anga o roto.
He tikanga kiripiri, nō te pūnaha orthorhombic te kohuke nei, he nui te whakaputa i roto i ngā whakahiato papatipu, kirikiri, kāpō rānei, kaua ki ngā tioata e tino kitea ana. He pai te wehenga i ngā papa {100} me {010}, ā, nā tēnei me tōna mārōrō pakarukaru, ka puta he tauira whati koretake ki te whati whati. Ina waku ki te pereti porcelain kāore i whakakirikiri, ka waiho e te Purpurite he rārangi ātaahua mākūrū ki te waiporoporo-whero, he tohu tino nui mō ngā tohunga kohuke. Ko te āhuatanga tinana me te matū tino mīharo o te Purpurite ko tōna whakaraerae nui ki te pāheketanga o te rangi me te taiao. I roto i ngā wā matawhenua, nā te roa o te rongo ki te makuku me te hāora, ka pākia te konupora o te mata ki te whakapākūkū, ka huri hei kirikiri pōuri, kāore i te ātaahua, he parauri pōuri, he pango rānei, e kapi ana i ngā waikura konupora tuarua. Ko tēnei kiri pōuri e huna ana i te kanapa o roto o te kohuke. Hei whakapuaki i te waiporoporo kingi ātaahua e huna ana i roto, ka whakamahia e ngā kaikohi me ngā tohunga kōhatu he mahi matū ngāwari: he horonga poto, he tino whakahaere i roto i te waikawa waimeha (pērā i te waikawa oxalic, hydrochloric rānei) hei whakakore i te kiri whakapākūkū o waho, ki te kore, ka whakamahia e rātou te waku tikanga tika. Mā tēnei mahi tupato e whakahokia ai te kohuke ki tōna āhua ma, kāore anō kia pākia, e whakaatu ātaahua ana i te taurite hihiri i waenga i te whakaraerae matū me te ātaahua o te āhua e tohu ana i te Purpurite.
Ngā Whakamahinga me ngā Whakamahinga o te Purpurite
Ahakoa tōna ātaahua whakamīharo, he kohuke tino motuhake a Purpurite, ā, ko āna whakamahinga e aro ana ki ngā mākete papai, toi, me te wairua, kaua ki ngā rāngai ahumahi, nā te mea he onge me te ngāwari o te tinana. Ko tāna whakamahinga tuatahi me te tino rangatira kei roto i te hapori kohikohi kohuke o te ao, e kaha whai ana ngā whare taonga me ngā kaipupuri takitahi i ngā tauira kounga teitei e whakaatu ana i te tae neon-magenta kaha, te tae kākāriki hōnore hoki—ina koa ko ērā i ahu mai i ngā pegmatites rongonui o Namibia—mō te onge me te hiranga ā-āhuwhenua. I roto i ngā mahi toi kōhatu, ahakoa te pakeke iti o Purpurite e 4.0 ki te 4.5 i te tauine Mohs me te āhua pōuri e kore ai e taea te whakairo hei kōhatu tūturu mārama, e tino whakanuia ana mō te hanga i ngā cabochons oraora, ngā porowhita whakapaipai, me ngā whakairo whakapaipai uaua. Ina tino tapahia me te whakapūmau, ka whakauruhia ki roto i ngā whakapaipai toi a te ringa, i te nuinga o te wā ka rahuitia mō ngā whakapuru tiaki pēnei i ngā tahei, ngā pūrei, me ngā whakakai taringa e taea ai te whakaatu i tōna kanapa motuhake i tawhiti atu i te whakapā nui. I tua atu, kua whiwhi a Purpurite i te whai hokohoko nui i roto i ngā ahurea whakapono me te whakaora kirikiri o nāianei, e whakanuia ana e ngā kaimahi hei kōhatu kaha mō te panoni, te whakawhānui wairua, me te māramatanga hinengaro e hono ana ki te karauna karauna. Ko tēnei tono huna e ārahi ana i te hokohoko ao kaha o ngā kōhatu putea, ngā rākau whakaaroaro, me ngā kongakonga mata kua whakatapua ki te oranga katoa, e whakaatu ātaahua ana i te āheinga o tētahi āhuatanga ā-āhuwhenua motuhake hei hono i waenga i te pākiki pūtaiao, te mahi toi pai, me te mahi wairua.