Ko te Niccolite, e mōhiotia ana ki te ingoa pūtaiao ko Nickeline, he momo kōhatu whakahirahira e mau ana i te nickel arsenide. I roto i te whakarōpūtanga o ngā kōhatu, ko ia te mema momo o te rōpū Nickeline, e whakapakari ana i te pūnaha tioata hexagonal. I runga i te taha matū, ka tautuhia te kōhatu e te ōwehenga rite o te nickel me te arsenic, ahakoa i roto i ngā tauira māori, ka whakakapihia te arsenic i ētahi wā e ngā wāhanga iti o te antimony, ā, ka whakakapihia te nickel e ngā tohu iti o te rino, te cobalt rānei. Mai i te tirohanga ā-tinana, ka mōhiotia te Niccolite mō tōna kanapa whakarewa, pūrangiaho, me tōna tae parāone whero mākūkū, he "māwhero hamana" rānei. Ahakoa te āhua rite ki te parāone, kāore he hononga matū; he pakeke Mohs 5 ki te 5.5, me te taumaha motuhake teitei e 7.8, nā reira he tino mātotoru. Kāore he wehenga mārama, ā, he maha ngā wā ka puta he whati koretake, he whati anga rānei. Ahakoa he uaua te whakaputa i ngā tioata mutunga motuhake, ka kitea nuitia i roto i ngā āhua papatipu, peka-rite (rite rākau), me te āhua whatukuhu-rite (rite tahā). I roto i te horopaki mātai kōhatu ngaio, ko ōna āhuatanga tohu ko tōna kiato teitei me tōna kaha ki te whakawhanake i te pōuri, hina hina, he paninga kākāriki rānei o te Annabergite (pua nickel) ina pāngia ki te whakawhāiti roa.
He aha te āhua o te whakapūmau o te Niccolite?
Ko te hanganga o te Niccolite e hono ana ki ngā pūnaha waiariki tino wera. Ka puta mai i ngā wai e ki ana i ngā kohuke e rere ana i roto i ngā kapiti o te kirinuku o te whenua, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i ngā taiao e whai kiko ana te nikera me te arsenic. Ko ēnei uaua waiariki kei roto, kei te taha rānei o ngā toka ahi māwhero ki te māwhero rawa. Ka puta hoki te Niccolite hei hua o te wehenga magmatic, ka tau mai i ngā whakarewa silicate e whakamatao ana i roto i ngā putunga pēnei i te norite. I runga i te āhuatanga whenua, ka kitea i roto i ngā whakaurunga kohuke matatini i te taha o ētahi atu arsenides me sulfides, tae atu ki te skutterudite, te safflorite, te rammelsbergite, me te hiriwa māori. Ko tōna noho mai he tohu i ngā āhuatanga matū whenua motuhake, inarā ko ērā e pā ana ki te whakaurunga arsenic i roto i ngā momo putunga nikera-kōbata-hiriwa.
Hītori o Niccolite
Ko te hītori o Niccolite e hono tūturu ana ki te wehenga o te konukōreko hei pūmotu matū. I te rautau 17, ka kite ngā kaihuke i ngā maunga o Erzgebirge i Tiamana i tētahi kōhatu whero e rite ana ki te parahi. I te korenga o ngā whakamātau whakarewa e whakaputa parahi, engari ka puta he kohu ararīki whakamate, ka tapaina e ngā kaihuke te matū ko Kupfernickel, e whakamāoritia ana ko te Rewera-Parahi, te Parahi-Tēnei rānei, e kī ana he kanga te kōhatu. I te tau 1751, ka tirotirohia e te tohunga matū o Huitene a Axel Fredrik Cronstedt ētahi tauira o te kōhatu, ā, ka angitu ia ki te wehe i tētahi konganuku hou, ka tapaina e ia ko te konukōreko i runga i te ingoa tawhito o te kōhatu. I tapaina ōkawatia te kōhatu ko Nickeline i te tau 1832 e François Sulpice Beudant, ko te ingoa Niccolite i whakatakotoria e James Dwight Dana i te tau 1868. Kei te whakamahia tonu ngā kupu e rua i ēnei rā i roto i ngā tuhinga ā-āhuwhenua me ngā tuhinga ahumahi.
Ngā Whakamahinga Ahumahi me te Pūtaiao o te Niccolite
Ko te Niccolite he tino kōreko mō te konukōreko, e 43.9% o te whakarewa kei roto, ka whakamahia hei hanga i te tīra kōreko, ngā whakaranu kaha-nui, me ngā wāhanga pākahiko lithium-ion. Nā te nui o te arsenic kei roto, ka keria hei kōhuke tuarua i roto i ngā putunga hiriwa-kōreko-nikera, kaua hei whāinga keri tuatahi, me whakamahi i ngā tukanga whakarewa motuhake hei whakahaere i ngā paitini hua. I tua atu i tana mahi hei rawa mata, he taputapu tātaritanga matua a Niccolite i roto i te āhuatanga ōhanga; he kōhuke arahi, e tohu ana tōna noho i roto i ngā uaua waiariki i te tata o te hiriwa-kaha-nui, te kōreko rānei. I roto i te hapori pūtaiao, e mōhiotia ana koia te tauira mō te “hanganga Nickeline,” he whakaritenga ngota hexagonal motuhake (B81) e whakamahia ana hei tohutoro i roto i te whakatakotoranga kirikiri hei whakawhanake i ngā semiconductors waihanga me ngā rawa autō. Hei āpiti, ka kitea e Niccolite ngā whakamahinga motuhake i roto i te whaipara whakarewa hei whai i te takenga mai o ngā taonga tawhito, ā, i roto i te rangahau rawa hei tauira māori mō te ako i ngā pnictides whakarewa whakawhiti me ō rātou āhuatanga hiko.