Fergusonite he kohuke waikura onge me te matatini, ko te yttrium me te niobium te mea matua, ahakoa e mau ana i te huinga o ngā pūmotu whenua onge (REE) pērā i te cerium me te neodymium. Ka whakarōpūtia e ngā tohunga kohuke hei kohuke metamict, e mīharotia ana e ngā kaikohi mō tōna kanapa karaihe ki te kanapa whakarewa-iti, me tōna āheinga whakamīharo ki te ngaro i tōna hanganga tioata o roto i te wā, nā te whakapūngao whaiaro mai i ngā tohu iti o te uranium me te thorium. I kitea tuatahitia te kohuke i te tau 1826 e te tohunga kohuke Austrian a Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, nāna i whakaingoa hei whakanui i a Robert Ferguson o Raith, he kaitōrangapū rongonui nō Kōtirana me te kaingākau ki ngā kohuke. I runga i te āhuatanga whenua, ka puta te Fergusonite i roto i ngā pegmatite kiripaka me ngā waro karawhiti pūmotu onge, e whakakoio ana i te wā o te whakamātao o te magma i ngā wāhanga whakamutunga, i reira ka tino whakatōpūhia ngā pūmotu hotokore pērā i te niobium me te yttrium. Ahakoa ka kitea hei tioata tātā roa, hei kohatu whakapaipai whakairo rānei, ko te Fergusonite he tohu mō ngā tukanga matū whenua matatini e whakatōpū ana i ngā pūmotu onge rawa o te whenua.
Te Irarā me te Whakapōkākē o Fergusonite
Ko te iraruke o Fergusonite ehara i te āhuatanga ōkiko o ōna pūmotu matū matua, te yttrium me te niobium, engari ko te hua o ngā whakakapinga iti i roto i tōna tukutuku tioata matatini. I te wā o te tukanga whakataioata maamatiki o te wā mutunga e hanga ana i a Fergusonite, ko ngā rahinga whai wāhi o ngā actinides iraruke—arā ko te uranium (U) me te thorium (Th)—ka whakaurua tonutia ki te hanganga o te kōhuke. Ko ēnei pūmotu taumaha he pūtoroi katote rite ki ērā o ngā pūmotu whenua onge (REEs), e taea ai e rātou te “hīkoi” ki ngā wāhi tukutuku e nohoia ana e te yttrium.
Ina mau ana ēnei moutere pūngao irirangi ki roto i te kōhatu totoka, ka tīmata rātou i tētahi tukanga pirau noa e toro atu ana ki ngā miriona tau. I te wa e pakaru haere ana ngā karihi o ngā ngota uranium me te thorium, ka tuku atu rātou i ngā matūriki alpha (ngā karihi He) me ngā karihi tamāhine e hoki whakamuri ana. Ko ēnei matūriki nui pūngao he rite ki ngā pūkōpē moroiti, e pā kaha ana ki ngā ngota huri noa, e tukituki ana i a rātou mai i ō rātou tūranga raupapa tika. Ko tēnei pōkai ā-roto e ārahi ana ki tētahi āhuatanga e mōhiotia ana ko te metamictization.
I roto i te wā tawhito o te whenua, ko te kino whakaheke i tēnei whakamā-whaiaro ka whakangaro i te raupapa tawhito o te whārangi karaihe. Ko te mea i mua he whakaritenga hāngai, tōtika hoki o ngā ngota, ka huri hei āhua kōaro, kore-hāngai, pēnei i te karaihe. Ahakoa kei te mau tonu te āhua o waho o te karaihe (te tikanga karaihe) — he āhua e mōhiotia ana ko te "pseudomorph" — ka rerekē rawatia te ahupūngao o roto o te kōhatu. Ko tēnei takenga irarākia te take o te whakawhānuitanga me te pakaru-iti e kitea ana i ngā tauira Fergusonite, nā te mea ko te hurihanga mai i te āhua karaihe ki te āhua kore-hāngai ka heke i te kīnaki, ka piki i te rōrahi.
Ngā Whakamahinga Whaihua o Fergusonite
I roto i ngā whakamārama whaihua, ko te uara o Fergusonite he nui ake mō ngā huānga motuhake kei roto, kaua mō tōna whakamahinga hei kohuke katoa. Ko tōna uara matua ko te puna o te yttrium me te niobium, e rua ngā konganuku e tino hirahira ana mō te hangarau hou. Ko te yttrium i tangohia mai i tēnei kohuke ka whakamahia hei hanga i ngā tae whero i roto i ngā mata LED me te hanga i te karaihe motuhake me ngā arotahi kāmera. He ōrite te hiranga o te niobium, nā te mea ka tāpiri atu ki te maitai hei hanga i ngā kōrare tino kaha me te ātete wera e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūkaha jet me te hangahanga hangarau tiketike.
Nā te mea he pūhiko iraruke a Fergusonite, he mahi motuhake anō tāna i roto i ngā whare rangahau pūtaiao. Ka rangahaua e ngā kairangahau ēnei tauira kia kite ai i te pēheatanga o te iraruke e whakapakaru ana i ngā taonga totoka i roto i ngā miriona tau. Ehara tēnei i te mea mō te pīrangi mātauranga anake; e āwhina ana i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te mārama ki te hanga ipu pai ake mō te penapena para karihi mā te kite ko ēhea hanganga e kaha ana ki te iraruke mō ngā wā roa. Ahakoa kāore e kitea i te toa whakakai noa iho nā te mea he onge me te āhua iraruke, he mea pūmau tēnei i roto i ngā kohinga kōhatu ngaio me ngā rangahau matawhenua.