Ko te Amazonite he momo kāriki ki te kāriki-pounamu o te microcline feldspar, he kohuke tectosilicate e whai rawa ana i te pāhare pāporo, e noho ana hei wāhanga nui o te kirinuku o te whenua. Ahakoa e mōhiotia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā horopaki pōtoi me te whakarākei, ko te Amazonite e mārama ake ana mā te tirohanga o te puiao kohuke me te matawhenua, kaua mā te whakarōpūtanga arumoni. Ko tōna hiranga, ehara i te mea kei te ongeotanga, engari kei te whakakotahitanga o tōna tae, te matū tioata, te hanganga matawhenua, me te roa o tōna hītori whakamahinga e te tangata.
Ngā Kōhuke Pākaka me te Wāhi o Amazonite
Tirohanga whānui o te Rōpū Feldspar
Ko ngā pākana te rōpū puehu nui rawa atu i te kirinuku o te Ao, e 60 ōrau o ngā toka whenua. He anga-pūngoi, he tektosilicate rānei, e mōhiotia ana mō tōna anga toru-āhua o te silicon me te konumohe takitoru e honoa ki ngā konganuku alkali, whenua alkali rānei. Ka wehea ngā pākana ki ētahi rōpū matua e rua: pākana alkali me pākana plagioclase.
Ko te Amazonite nō te rōpū alkali feldspar, e noho rangatira ana ngā momo pāhare pāporo. He wāhi matua ēnei kohuke ki roto i te petrology o ngā toka ahi, ā, ko ērā ngā tohu matua mō ngā hātepe magmatic, te hītori whakamātao, me ngā taiao matū i roto i te kirinuku.
Tātai Matū Taketake
Ko te tātai matū pai rawa o Amazonite ko KAlSi₃O₈. E whakaata ana tēnei tātai i te anga o te hiako me te konumohe e hono tahi ana mā ngā ngota hāora, me ngā katote pāhare pāporo e noho ana ki ngā wāhi whakauru hei pupuru i te tauritenga hiko. He iti noa ngā rerekētanga o te hanganga, ā, ka puta i te taumata o te hunga wae.
Mai i te tirohanga whakatakotoranga kirikiri, e whakaatu ana te Amazonite i te tohatoha konumohe-konukirika tino raupapa, he āhuatanga motuhake o te microcline i hanga i raro i ngā tikanga whakamatao pōturi.
Ngā Huānga Whaiwāhi me Ngā Tikanga Tae
Ko te takenga mai o te tae motuhake o Amazonite i pohehe i mua. Ko nga whakapae o mua i kii ko te parahi te take o te tae kākāriki, i runga i te whakataurite ki ētahi atu kohuke kākāriki. Heoi, kua whakaatu mai nga tātari ā-ahurangi me ā-matū taipitopito, ehara ko te parahi te take o te tae.
E ai ki ngā rangahau hou, ko ngā tohu iti o te matā kua whakaurua ki roto i te whakatakotoranga tioata, me te wai hanganga, he mea nui ki te whakaputa i te tae o te Amazonite. Ko ēnei tohu iti e hanga ana i ngā kohakore hiko motuhake e whakapā ana ki te whakaurunga o te marama i te ao kitea. Ko ngā rerekētanga iti o te kaha o te matā, te nui o te wai, me te whakakōpekapeka o te whakatakotoranga tioata, ka puta ai te whānuitanga o ngā tae kākāriki me te kākāriki-puru.
Nā reira, i whai wāhi te rangahau o Amazonite ki te māramatanga pūtaiao whānui ake mō ngā tikanga tae i roto i ngā kōhatu, ina rā te mahi a ngā huāngai tūtohu i roto i ngā hanganga matū ōrite.
Te Whakapakeke me te Whanonga Miihini
Amazonite he pakeke Mohs mai i te 6 ki te 6.5. Ka whakanohoia tēnei ki roto i te kāwai pakeke ngāwari, he ōrite ki te maha o ngā kohuke silicate noa. Ahakoa he pakeke rawa mō te whakamahi whakapaipai, kāore e ātete ki te horo me te pānga pēnei i ngā kohatu uara pakeke ake pērā i te quartz me te corundum.
Ka rite ki ngā feldspar katoa, e whakaatu ana te Amazonite i ngā huarahi e rua o te whakawāteatanga tino tika i ngā koki tata ki te tika. Ko tēnei whakawāteatanga e whakaata ana i ngā paparangi ngoikore i roto i te whāriki tioata, ā, he whai pānga nui ki te whanonga ā-papa whenua me te tukatuka kohatu.
Kiato me Kōripi
Ko te whakatōnga motuhake o te Amazonite i te nuinga o te wā mai i te 2.56 ki te 2.58, e rite ana ki te pāhaumā wātea o te pāhare pāporo. He mā tōna kāwai kōhatu, ahakoa te kaha o tōna tae mata, he āhuatanga whakamātau whaihua mo te tautuhi kōhatu.
Ngā Āhuatanga Whatu me te Hanganga Roto
Ko te Amazonite he whitiwhiti ki te āhua pōuri, ko te whitiwhiti pūmau ka puta noa i ngā kongakonga angiangi, onge. Ka whakaatu tōna mata i te kanapa karaihe, ahakoa ka kitea te kanapa peara ngāwari i runga i ōna papa wehenga motuhake—he tohu tautohu e wehewehe ana i a ia i ngā whakaata ōrite o te quartz, o ngā waro pākawa rānei. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino mīharo o te Amazonite ko tōna kākano ā-roto, e tohuhia ana e ngā kāpō mā, e ngā tauira “perthitic” rite-kuīni rānei. Ko ēnei āhuatanga he hua o te whakataunga perthitic, he tukanga e wehe ai ngā lamellae feldspar nākonamā-whai rawa i te kaiwhakahaere pākahiuma-whai rawa i te whakamātao pōturi. Ehara ēnei kākano i te mea ātaahua noa; he “karaka” ā-papa whenua rātou, e whakarato ana i ngā raraunga whai tikanga ki ngā kairangahau petrographic e pā ana ki te hītori waiariki me ngā reiti whakamātao o te toka kaiwhakahaere.
Te Takenga o ngā Toka me ngā Hononga Kohuke
Ko te hanganga o te Amazonite e tata hono ana ki ngā pegmatite granitic, e tohu ana i ngā "manawa whakamutunga" o te magma e whakakoio ana. Ko ēnei taiao e kitea ana i te nui o ngā matū whakarewa me te whakamātaotanga pōturi, e taea ai e ngā tioata te tipu ki te rahi nui. Ko te hurihanga o te microcline ki tōna hanganga triclinic—me te whanaketanga o te momo Amazonite—e tino whakawhirinaki ana ki ēnei tikanga mahi pūmanawa whakamutunga o te magma. I te nuinga o te wā, ka kitea te Amazonite i roto i te huinga kohuke whai rawa ki te taha o te quartz auahi, te albite, te biotite, ā, i ētahi wā ko te fluorite, te beryl rānei. Nā te mea e hiahia ana ki ngā kaiwhakaārai matū motuhake, pērā i te noho o te arataki paratiki me te wai hanganga, ko te putanga o te Amazonite he tohu pono o te āhua tino rerekē o tōna pūnaha pegmatite matua.
Te Tohatoha Matawhenua me te Rerekētanga ā-Matawhenua
Ahakoa te ingoa whakapohehe, kāore e tino kitea te Amazonite i roto i te awaawa o Amazon. Heoi, kei roto i ngā rohe matua o te ao ngā putunga kua tino whakapūmau, ko ngā Maunga Ural o Rūhia, Madagascar, Brazil, Inia, Haina, me ētahi o ngā whenua o Āwherika. I te United States, ka kitea ngā putunga nui i roto i ngā pegmatite o Colorado me Virginia kua tino rangahaua. Ka puta mai i ēnei wāhi kanorau ngā tauira me ngā rerekētanga motuhake o te kaha tae, te kakano, me ngā huinga kohuke—ko ngā rerekētanga nei te rekoata tika o te pāmahana, te pēhanga, me te wātea o ngā huānga tohu e taea ana i te wā o te hanganga o te kohuke. Nā reira, he kaupapa tino nui te Amazonite mō ngā rangahau ā-āhuatanga whakatairite me te whakaū i te taiao.
Te Hiranga o te Mātai-Whakapapa me te Horopaki Hītori
Ko te whaihua o mua o ngā kōhatu pākeho kākāriki e rite ana ki a Amazonite e hoki ana ki te mano tuatoru tau ki mua i te Karaiti, me te nui o ngā taunakitanga whaipara tangata i kitea ki Ihipa Tawhito. I tino mahia ēnei rauemi hei pirepire, hei taonga whakapakoko, hei whakairo hīraka mō ngā whakamahinga whakanui. Ko ētahi taonga rite i kitea i ngā horopaki o Mehopotamia me te Rawhiti Tata e whakaatu ana i te whakamīharo tūturu o te ao tawhito ki ngā pākeho kākāriki. I mua, ko te uara o Amazonite i ahu mai i tōna ātaahua hihiko me tōna māmā ki te mahi, kaua ki te onge; ko ōna āhuatanga tinana i taea ai e ngā kaimahi toi o mua te tārai mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tawhito, ka whakapūmau i tōna tūnga hei matua mō ngā whakapaipai toi o mua.
Te takenga kupu, te tautohu, me te uara pūtaiao
Ko te ingoa “Amazonite” i whakarongonuihia i roto i te pūtaiao kohuke Pākehā o te rautau 18 i runga i te whakapono hē i taketake mai te kowhatu i te taha o te Awa o Amazon. Ahakoa kāore i kitea e ngā torotoro whai muri ngā putunga nui i taua rohe, ka mau tonu te ingoa i ēnei rā nā te whakamahinga o ngā rautau i whakapūmau mai i roto i te pūtaiao me te iwi whānui. I roto i te pūtaiao kohuke hou, ka wehewehea tiketike a Amazonite mai i ngā kohuke rite te āhua pēnei i te jade, te turquoise, te quartz kākāriki rānei, mā ōna hanga tioata motuhake me tōna wehenga. I tua atu i tōna ātaahua, ko te kohuke tēnei te poutokomanawa o te mātauranga ā-whenua; mā te ako i te āhua o ngā whakakapinga matū iti e whakaputa ai i ōna pānga kitea tino mārama, kua whiwhi māramatanga hōhonu ngā kairangahau ki ngā tikanga whakarae huanga o ngā tino pūmotu i roto i ngā tioata.