Eukarahe

Ko te Euclase he kohuke silika konumohe beryllium onge e puta ana hei karaihe paraihe kikorangi kōmā, kākāriki, kore tae rānei, e tohuhia ana e te wehenga tino pai.

Raraunga Kohuke Euclase
Tātai Matū	BeAlSiO₄(OH)
Rōpū Kōhuke	Nesosilicates (Nesosilicates me ngā anion tāpiri)
Whakaaturanga	Monoclinic (Space group: P2₁/c)
Te Tūturu Kupenga	a = 4.782 Å, b = 14.316 Å, c = 4.633 Å, β = 100.31°, Z = 4
Te tikanga karaihe	He tioata porotaka, he tioata rārangi; he tino rārangi ki te poutū, he pito mārama, i ētahi wā he kohinga whakarara tata, he kohinga ahua tauwhiro rānei, mai i te kirikiri ki te papatipu.
Āhuatanga Whatu	Kāore (he tae rerekē motuhake i roto i ngā tioata whai tae; he māramatanga teitei me te kanapa ina kua oti ngā mata te hanga).
Āwhi Tae	Kore tae, kahurangi pūhoru, kahurangi-haikara, kākāriki-moana, kākāriki mint, kākāriki-kōwhai, kōwhai mārō, he papura pūhoru, he mā rānei i te nuinga o te wā.
Te pakeke o Mohs	7.5
Te pakeke o Knoop	Tata. 1100 - 1250 kg/mm²
Rārangi	White
Te Tauākī Whakaata (RI)	nα = 1.650 - 1.652, nβ = 1.654 - 1.656, nγ = 1.670 - 1.672 (Biaxial positive)
Pūāhua Tirohanga	Biaxial (+)
Pleochroism	He kaha i roto i ngā momo kahurangi me kākāriki: X = kore tae ki te cyan māheuheu, Y = kahurangi māheuheu, kōwhai kākāriki rānei, Z = kahurangi hōhonu, cyan, kākāriki rānei. Kāore e kitea i ngā momo kore tae.
Whakamararatanga	0.016 (Ngoikore ki te waenga)
Te Whakawhiti Wera	He tauwaenga, he mea noa mō ngā mātotoru beryllium aluminosilicates.
Te Whakahaere Hiko	K
Tūāwhiora Whakauru	Ko ngā momo kikorangi e whakaatu ana i te tae horonga tata ki te 610 nm me te 680 nm (nā te whakawhitinga utu Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺, nā te whakakapinga Fe rānei); ko ngā momo kākāriki e whakaatu ana i ētahi atu tae.
Whitiā	He pūhoi i te nuinga o te wā; he uaua ka puta he whero māmā, he māwhero rānei i raro i te hihi UV ngaru roa (LW) i ētahi tauira whai chromium, whai rino rānei.
Te Taumaha Motuhake (SG)	3.05 - 3.12
Whakakā (Pōrihi)	He karaihe ki te tata-taimana i ngā mata tioata; he peara i ngā paparahi wehe.
Māramatanga	Pūata ki te pūataata.
Wehenga / Whatiwhati	He pai rawa atu i runga i te {010} (he tino ngawari te wehenga, he koi me te maheni) / He whatianga angaanga ki te whatianga iti.
Pakeke / Toa	Pākaka (tino tūpono ki te wehe inā pā te tuki, te pēhi rānei).
Te Putanga Whenua	He kohuke tuarua i roto i ngā pegmatite kirinuku me ngā ia waiariki momo-waipuke mai i te pirau o te perira; ka kitea anō hoki i roto i ngā ia kiripiri rerekee iti me ngā putunga parahanga awa.
Ngā whakaurunga	Whakaurunga wē-hau e rua ngā wāhanga, ngongo tipu whakarara ki te tuaka-c, ngira rutile, tourmaline, tāpora mika, whakaurunga kiripaka.
Te rewa	Kāore e whakarewa i ngā waikawa noa; paku whakaekea e te waikawa hydrofluoric (HF).
Pūmau	Pūmau i ngā āhuatanga ā-taiao; ka ngaro ngā hydroxyl i ngā pāmahana teitei (> 800°C) ka huri hei phenakite me te chrysoberyl/quartz.
Ngā kohuke e pā ana	Te quartz, te beryl, te topaz, te feldspar (albite, microcline), te muscovite, te phenakite, te fluorite, me te rutile.
Maimoatanga Tikanga	Ko te nuinga kāore i te maimoatia; pūmau i roto i te āhua māori. He uaua te whakakī kapiti, te whakapai ake i te mārama rānei nā ngā tūraru o te wehenga tino pai.
He Tauira Rongonui	Ko ngā tioata pōkākā kikorangi hiko nō Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais, Parīhi), ngā tauira tino nui te kounga mai i Kolomupia, me ngā tioata tawhito pai nō te Maina Lost Hope (Zimbabwe) me ngā Maunga Ural (Rūhia).
Etymology	Named in 1792 by René Just Haüy from the Greek "εὖ" (eu - well) and "κλάσις" (klasis - fracture or cleavage), referring to its perfect and easy cleavage.
Whakarōpūtanga Strunz	09.DH.10 (Nesosilicates me ngā anion tāpiri (O, OH, F, H₂O); me ngā kation kei roto i ngā tetrahedra me ngā octahedra)
Ngā Wāhi Tūturu	Ouro Preto & Santana do Encoberto (Minas Gerais, Brazil), Chivor & Gachalá (Colombia), Lost Hope Mine (Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe), San Cristóbal (Mérida, Venezuela), Ural Mountains (Russia), me Mwami (Zimbabwe).
Te iririkitanga	Kāore he irirangi.
Pāitanga	Kei roto he beryllium; kāore e paitini i te āhua kiripiri/kōhatu mārō, engari me whai tiakitanga (whakamarumaru manawa) hei ārai i te ngongo puehu ina tapahi, ina oro rānei.
Tohu & Tikanga	I roto i ngā kōrero matakite hou, e hono ana ki te māramatanga whakarei, te pono, te whakapuaki i a ia anō, te koi o te hinengaro, me te whakaohooho i ngā chakra o te korokoro me te karu tuatoru.

Ko te Euclase he kohuke beryllium konumohe silicate onge, me te tātai matū BeAlSiO₄(OH). Nō te rōpū kohuke beryllium silicate ia, ā, e mōhiotia ana mō te tino mārama o tana karaihe, te kanapa karaihe, te pleochroism kaha, me te karakara ataahua mai i te kahurangi ki te kākāriki. Ahakoa kāore te Euclase i roto i ngā kōhatu māpuna tino hirahira i te taha arumoni, ka whakaarohia he kōhatu māpuna tino hiahiatia e ngā kaikohi, nā te mea he onge ngā karaihe tino pai, ā, he maha ngā wā ka puta he tauira mārama, ātaahua hoki.

Ko te kohuke nei he tino rongonui mō ōna tioata pirīmati kua tino whakawhanakehia me te wehenga tino pai, he āhuatanga e whakaatuhia ana i tōna ingoa. Te kupu Eukarahe i ahu mai i ngā kupu Kariki eu te tikanga o “pai” me klasis Ko te tikanga o te “whati,” e whakaatu ana i tōna āheinga kia māmā te wehe i ētahi aronga karaihe motuhake. Nā tēnei wehenga tino pai, he uaua te tapahi me te whakakōhatu i te euclase ina whakaritea ki ngā kōhatu utuāhua mārō ake, engari he nui tonu ngā mōhio e puta mai ana hei tautohu kohuke. He whanaunga matū te euclase ki ērā atu kohuke kei roto he beryllium, pērā i te beryl, te phenakite, me te chrysoberyl, e kitea ana i ngā wāhi āhua rite. Heoi anō, he rerekē te hanganga karaihe me te matū o te euclase i ēnei kohuke. Ehara i te mea pērā i te beryl, he hanganga silicate porowhita, engari nō te rōpū orthosilicate te euclase, e hono ana ngā tetrahedra silicon-oxygen motuhake ki te konumohe, te beryllium, me ngā rōpū hydroxyl.

Ko ngā tauira eukaraihi rongonui e whakaatu ana i te kara kikorangi kanapa, he ōrite ki te aquamarine, ki te topaza kikorangi rānei. Heoi anō, ka taea hoki e te eukaraihi māori te puta kore tae, kākāriki hina, kākāriki kōwhai, kākāriki kikorangi rānei, i runga anō i ngā huānga iti me ngā hē o te hanganga i roto i te anga tioata. Ko ngā tioata kikorangi mārama tino pai rawa he tino onge, ā, e tino whakanuia ana e ngā kaikohi kohuke, ngā whare taonga, me ngā kaingākau tohunga mō ngā kōhatu utu nui. Nā te onge, te māmā o te pakaru, me te iti o te wātea, ko te nuinga o te eukaraihi ka kohia hei tauira kohuke, kaua hei whakamahi i ngā whakakai mākete papatipu. Ko ngā tioata kua tino hangaia, me te tino mārama, me te kaha o te kara, e kiia ana he māngai nui o ngā kohuke kōhatu utu nui onge.

Hītori me Kitenga o Euclase

He roa te hītori o te Euclase e hono ana ki ngā putunga kōhatu rongonui o Minas Gerais, Parīhi, he rohe e mōhiotia ana ki te ao mō te whakaputa kōhatu tino pai me ngā momo kōhatu onge. I kitea tuatahitia te kōhatu nei i te mutunga o te rau tau 1700 i ngā putunga kōura e tata ana ki Ouro Preto, Parīhi. I puta anō i ēnei putunga ētahi atu kōhatu whakahirahira, tae atu ki te topaz, te tourmaline, me ngā momo kōhatu beryllium, i noho ai te rohe nei ko tētahi o ngā wāhi kōhatu tino nui i roto i te hītori matawhenua.

I whakaahuatia a Euclase i te tau 1792 e te tohunga kohuke Wīwī a René Just Haüy, nāna i whai wāhi nui ki te whakawhanaketanga o te mātauranga tioata me te whakarōpū kohuke. I rangahau a Haüy i te āhua wehenga motuhake o te kohuke me tōna āhua tioata, ā, i mōhio ia he momo kohuke motuhake. Nā āna mahi i whakatū i ngā mātāpono tuatahi o te tātaritanga tioata, ā, i āwhina ki te māramatanga hou o ngā hanganga kohuke.

I roto i te rautau 19, ka aro nui ngā kaikohi kōhatu o Ūropi ki te euclase nā tōna huinga motuhake o te māramatanga, te tae, me te āhua o ngā tioata. Heoi anō, nā tōna wehenga tino pai, kīhai i taea te whakamahi whānui hei kohatu utu nui. He maha ngā tauira o mua i tiakina ki ngā whare taonga me ngā kohinga tūmataiti nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka pakaru te kōhatu, ka ngaro rānei ngā rawa utu nui i te tapahi. Nā ngā whanaketanga o ngā tikanga tapahi kohatu me te pai ake o te torotoro whenua, ka nui ake te hiahia ki te euclase i ngā rautau 20 me 21. Ko ngā kitenga hou i ngā wāhi i waho atu o Brazil i whakawhānui i te mōhiotanga ki te tohatoha o te kōhatu. I ēnei rā, he kōhatu taonga tonu te euclase, ina koa ka kitea he tioata mārama, he kikorangi tino kaha te tae, he pai rawa atu te whanaketanga o ngā tioata.

Te Hanganga Matawhenua o Euclase

Ka puta a Euclase i roto i ngā āhuatanga matawhenua motuhake e whakawhitiwhiti ai ngā wai whai-beryllium ki ngā toka e mau ana i te konumohe me te silica. Ka tino pāngia ki ngā pegmatite granitic, ngā uaua hydrothermal, me ngā taiao metamorphic kua panoni. Ka whakarato ēnei āhuatanga matawhenua i ngā huānga e hiahiatia ana me ngā āhuatanga matū e hiahiatia ana mō te tipu karaihe o te euclase.

Eukarahe — Euclase kōwhai māmā, tapahi porotītī, 4.26 cts, 12.8 x 9.8 x 5.2 mm, Ouro Preto, Parīhi.

I roto i ngā taiao pegmatite granitic, ka tupu te eukarai i ngā wāhanga whakamutunga o te whakatōtanga magma. I te mātao o te magma granite, ka whakarangatirahia ngā wairewa toenga ki ngā huānga pūkōrero pērā i te wai, te fluorine, te lithium, me te beryllium. Ka taea e ēnei wairewa tino nekeneke te heke ki roto i ngā whati me ngā rua i roto i ngā toka a tawhio noa. Inā ka tika te pāmahana, te pēhanga, me ngā āhuatanga matū, ka tīmata te whakatōtanga o ngā kohuke kei roto ngā huānga onge—tae atu ki te eukarai—ka tīmata ki te whakatōtanga. Ko te hanganga waiaroha tētahi atu tukanga nui mō te whanaketanga o te eukarai. Ka neke ngā wairewa wera, whai kohuke i roto i ngā whati, ka taea te whakakore me te kawe i ngā huānga mai i ngā toka o mua. Inā mātao ēnei wairewa, ka tauhohe rānei ki ngā kohuke a tawhio noa, ka puta pea ngā tioata hōu. He maha ngā wā ka puta te eukarai i te taha o ngā kohuke e tohu ana i ngā taiao whenua whai-beryllium, tae atu ki te perira, te phenakite, te kiripaka, te feldspar, te muscovite, me te tourmaline.

Ko te hanganga o te euclase e hiahiatia ana he taurite tika o ngā wāhanga matū. He mea nui te whakarato rawaka o te beryllium nā te mea he onge noa tēnei huānga i roto i te kirinuku o Papatūānuku. I tua atu, me wātea ngā taumata tika o te konumohe me te silica, me ngā tikanga e taea ai ngā rōpū hydroxyl ki te uru ki roto i te hanganga karaihe. Ko ēnei whakaritenga kaha e whakamārama ana he aha i iti ai ngā putunga euclase me te aha i kore ai e noa ngā karaihe nui, mārama. Kāore i te rite ki te maha o ngā kohuke silicate noa e hanga ana i roto i ngā momo taiao maha, ka kiia te euclase he kohuke o ngā horopaki matawhenua motuhake. Ko tōna putanga he maha ngā wā e whakarato ana i ngā pārongo whakahirahira mō te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha pegmatitic me hydrothermal, e whai tikanga ana ehara i te mea mā ngā kaikohi anake, engari mō te rangahau mineralogical.

Ngā momo me ngā rerekētanga o Euclase

Kāore a Eukarai i ngā momo rerekē e whakaaehia ana i runga i te hanganga matū. Heoi, ka whakarōpūtia e ngā kaikohi kohuke me ngā tohunga kohatu ngā tauira eukarai i runga i te tae, te mārama, te kounga o te karaihe, me te uara kohikohi.

Euclase Kikorangi
Ko te eukarāsi purū te momo tino rongonui, tino whai hua o te kohuke. Ko ngā tae mai i te purū mā me te purū kākāriki ki ngā ātanga purū hōhonu. E whakaponohia ana ko te tae nā ngā huānga iti me ngā āhuatanga hanganga i roto i te whatu tioata. Ko ngā tioata purū mārama me te kanapa kaha kei roto i ngā tauira eukarāsi e tino rapua ana.
Kākāriki me te Kākāriki-Pūri Euclase
He iti ake te euclase kākāriki i te rauemi kahurangi, ā, ka whakaatu pea i ngā atarangi mai i te kākāriki hākirakira ki te kākāriki-kahurangi. Ko ēnei tae e hono ana ki ngā whakakapinga matū iti, ki ngā huānga tohu rānei i whakaurua i te wā e tipu ana te karaihe. Ka tino mīharotia ngā tauira kākāriki inā whakaatu rātou i te māramatanga pai me te hanganga karaihe koi.
Euclase Kore Tae
Ka puta te euclase kore tae inā he iti noa ngā poke e whakaputa tae ana, he koha hanganga rānei. Ahakoa kāore i a ia te rerehua o ngā momo tae, he mea nui ngā tioata kore tae mārama mō ngā rangahau mātai kohuke, nā te mea e whakaatu mārama ana i te hanganga o roto o te kohuke me ōna āhuatanga mārama.
Euclase kounga tara
Ko te euclase kounga-kohatu e tohu ana ki nga tioata maramara e tika ana mo te tapahi. Ko enei tauira e hiahiatia ana kia tino marama, kia ataahua te tae, kia nui te rahi. Na te wehenga tino pai me te pakarutanga o te euclase, me ata whai tikanga te tapahi hei hanga kohatu whakapaipai.
Ngā Tioata Euclase Kounga-Kaikohi
He maha nga tauira euclase e kohia ana mo to ratou ahua karaehe maori, kaua mo te whakamahi kohatu. Ko nga karaehe piritika koi, nga hononga karaehe rereke, me nga huinga kohuke ataahua ka tino whakanui ake i to ratou uara putaiao me te uara kaikohi.

Hanganga Karaihe o Euclase

Ka tioata a Euclase i roto i te pūnaha karaihe monoclinic, ā, nō te karaehe karaihe prismatic. Ko tōna hanganga karaihe e tohua ana e te anga o ngā tetrahedra silicate motuhake, kei reira ngā ngota silicon e karapotia ana e ngā ngota hāora e wha hei hanga i ngā rōpū SiO₄. Ka honoa ēnei waeine tetrahedral motuhake ki ngā rōpū beryllium, konumohe, me hydroxyl, ka puta he hōputu pūmau engari he uaua tonu i roto i te whāriki karaihe.

Ko te noho o te beririamu he āhuatanga motuhake o te eukarai, ā, he wāhi nui tōna ki ōna āhuatanga hanganga. Ko ngā ngota beririamu e hono tahi ana ki ngā ngota hāora i te nuinga o te wā, i te mea e noho ana te konumohe ki ngā tūnga tioata rerekē, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te pūmautanga o te hanganga kohuke. Kua whakaurua ngā rōpū hauhā-waikura ki roto i te whāriki, ā, ka pā ki ngā āhuatanga tinana o te kohuke, tae atu ki tōna whanonga kitea me te matū tioata. Ka whānau te eukarai i te nuinga o te wā hei ngā tioata rōrahi whāroa, he pai ngā mata me ngā rīwai poutū motuhake. He mārama ki te āhua pūataata ēnei tioata, e taea ai e ngā kaikohi te titiro ki te hanganga o roto me ngā pānga kitea. Ko te whakaritenga monokinira o ngā ngota e whai wāhi ana ki te mawhitiwhiti kaha o te eukarai, e puta ana nā te mea he ngoikore ētahi aronga here i roto i te hanganga i ētahi atu. Mā te hanganga tioata anō hoki e whakamārama ai te maha o ngā āhuatanga kohatu-whakapaipai o te eukarai. Ko tōna whanonga whakaata, te pūrekereke-tae, me te kanapa e hono tika ana ki te pāhekoheko o te mārama me te whakaritenga raupapa o ngā ngota i roto i te tioata. Inā tapatapahia rawatia ngā tioata tino pai, ka whakaatu te eukarai i te kanapa me te rerekētanga o te tae, ahakoa me āta whakahaere i tōna mawhitiwhiti i te wā e tapatapahi ana me te oro.

Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me ngā Āhuatanga Matū o Euclase

Ko te Euclase he kohuke konumohe beryllium silicate me te tātai matū BeAlSiO₄(OH). Kei roto ko ngā huānga matua tae atu ki te beryllium, te konumohe, te takataka, te hāora, me te haowai i te āhua o ngā rōpū hydroxyl. Ka puta te kohuke nei i ngā atarangi o te kikorangi, te kākāriki, te kikorangi-kākāriki, te kākāriki-kōwhai, me ngā momo kore tae. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā tioata kikorangi mārama e kiia ana ko ngā mea tino ātaahua me te tino whai hua, nā te mea he rite ki ētahi kōhatu whakapaipai kikorangi rongonui.

He tata ki te 7.5 te pakeke o te kohuke i runga i te tauine Mohs, e pai ai tana ātete ki te wero. Heoi anō, nā te tino pai o tana wehenga, he pāngenge ia, ā, ka wāhi noa ina pā kaha, ina pēhia rānei. Ko te taumaha motuhake o te eukaraihe he tata ki te 3.05–3.15, ā, i te nuinga o te wā he kanapa karaihe tōna, inarā i runga i ngā mata katahi anō ka whati, i ngā mata orohua rānei. Ka taea e ngā tauira mārama te whakaatu i te tino māramatanga, ahakoa he maha ngā kirikiri māori kei roto he whakaurunga, he whatiwhatinga, he āhuatanga tipu rānei i puta i te wā whakakinotanga.

I roto i te tirohanga, he kohuke tuarua te eukaraihi, ā, e kitea ana te huringa tae, arā, ka puta ngā tae rerekē ina mātakina mai i ngā huarahi karaihe rerekē. Ka kitea tēnei āhuatanga i ngā tauira whai tae, inā hoki ka huri te kōwaiwai kikorangi mai i te mārama ki te pōuri i runga i te koki e mātakina ai. Ko ōna āhuatanga tāpokopoko, te whakahāngai o te pakarutanga, me ngā pānga whatu e āwhina ana i ngā tohunga kōhatu ki te wehewehe i te eukaraihi mai i ētahi kohuke rite tonu, pērā i te aquamarine, te topaka, me ētahi atu tāraitanga kōhatu e kitea ana.

Ngā Wāhi Matua o Euclase

He kohuke onge noa te euclase, he iti noa ngā wāhi nui e kitea ai i te ao katoa. Ko te wāhi rongonui rawa atu ko te rohe o Minas Gerais i Brazil, inarā ko te takiwā o Ouro Preto, i kitea tuatahitia ai te kohuke. Ko ngā tauira euclase o Brazil e tino whakanuia ana, nā te mea he pai te āhua o ngā tioata, he kikorangi hohonu, ā, he tino mārama. He maha ngā tauira o nehe nō tēnei rohe e tiakina ana i ngā whare taonga me ngā kohinga kohuke motuhake nui.

Ko ngā taiao ā-papa o Minas Gerais kei roto he pegmatite matatini me ngā putunga waiwera e whai rawa ai i ngā huānga onge. Ākenehei, ka taea ngā kohuke whai beryllium, tae atu ki te euclase, te hanganga i te taha o te quartz, feldspar, mica, tourmaline, beryl, me ētahi atu silicates onge. Nā te huinga o te āhuatanga ā-papa pai me te hītori roa o te keri kōhatu, kua noho a Brazil hei puna tino nui mō ngā tauira euclase pai. Kua pūrongotia ētahi atu putanga euclase i ngā whenua pēnei i Zimbabwe, Colombia, Austria, Russia, me te United States. Ko ēnei putanga e pā ana ki ngā pegmatite granitic, ki ngā pūnaha waiwera rānei i reira ngā wai beryllium-nui. Ahakoa he rerekē te tae, te rahi, me te āhua karaihe o ngā tauira i ēnei wāhi, kua tino whai wāhi rātou ki te mātauranga pūtaiao mō te tohatoha o te kohuke ki te ao.

Nā te mea he onge ngā putunga euclase, ā, he uaua te whiwhi i ngā tioata kounga teitei, he kaha te awe o te wāhi ki te uara o ngā tauira. Ko ngā rawa mai i ngā putunga rongonui, otirā ko ērā e whakaputa ana i ngā tioata pai te hanga, mārama hoki, ka noho tonu hei tino hiahia mā ngā kaikohi. Ka āta rangahaua ngā kitenga hou nā te mea ahakoa he iti ngā putunga, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā mea nui ki ngā kohinga kōhuke me te rangahau matawhenua.

Ngā Whakamahinga me ngā Pānga o Euclase

Ko Euclase he iti noa ngā whakamahinga ahumahi nā te mea he onge, he māngore, ā, he iti hoki ngā putunga e mōhiotia ana. Ehara i te mea rite ki ngā kohuke e keria ana mō ngā rawa arumoni, engari ko Euclase te nuinga o te wā ka whakanuia hei kohuke kaikohi me te tauira kōhatu tongarewa. Ko ngā karaihe kua tino pai te hanga, he kikorangi kanapa te tae, he tino mārama, he koi hoki ngā tapa me ngā āhua rite pou, ka tino whakanuia e ngā kaikohi kohuke, ngā whare taonga, me ngā whare rangahau. Ko ēnei tauira he mea tiaki mō te hiranga pūtaiao me te hiranga ātaahua, e whakarato ana i ngā tauira whai hua mō te ako i te hanga kohuke e mau ana te beryllium, ngā taiao pegmatite, me ngā tukanga matawhenua waiwera.

I roto i te mara kohatu whakapaipai, ka tapahia te euclase i etahi wa hei kohatu whakatara mo nga kaikohi motuhake me nga kaingākau ki nga kohatu whakapaipai. Ko nga tioata puru marama, puru-matomato ranei, he maamaa te marama, e tino hiahiatia ana na te mea he ataahua nga ahuatanga whatu me te onge. Engari, na tona wehenga tino pai me te ngawari ki te pakaru, he uaua ki te tapahi, a kaore e pai mo te nuinga o nga whakamahinga whakapaipai o ia ra. I tua atu i te whakamahinga hei kohatu whakapaipai, he mahi ano ta te euclase i roto i te rangahau matū kōhuke me te rangahau tioata, i reira ko tona hanganga matū ahurei me tona hanganga tioata e awhina ana i nga kaiputaiao kia pai ake te mohio ki te hanganga o nga kohuke onge me nga ahuatanga whenua e puta ai nga putunga beryllium nui.

Pukapuka Whakamārama Kohatu

Kohatu whānau