Ko Hyperitdiabas he momo diabase (e mōhiotia ana anō ko dolerite), he toka puia whakauru pōuri i hua mai i te whakamahana pōturi me te whakatōngia o te magma i raro i te mata o te whenua. Kāore i rite ki ngā kohuke e mau ana te hanganga matū me te hanganga kiripiri, he toka a Hyperitdiabas i titoa mai i ētahi momo kohuke maha, ko te nui he pākete plagioclase me te pyroxene. Ko te ingoa “Hyperitdiabas” e tohu ana i te noho o te hypersthene, he kohuke pyroxene konupora-rino, me ētahi atu kohuke pyroxene pērā i te augite i roto i te hanganga diabase.

Ko te Hyperitdiabas e tohuhia ana e tōna āhua pōuri, he kakano kikī, he hanganga pai-ki-reo-waenganui. Ko ngā mata hou he pango, pango hina, pango parauri rānei, ko ngā mata whakakoi pea e whakaatu ana i ngā rerekētanga kohuke paku me te āhua maeneene, whiti. Nā tōna whakaurunga kikī me te tae pōuri ātaahua, kua whakamahia ētahi momo Hyperitdiabas hei kōhatu whakapaipai me te rauemi whakarākei. Mai i te tirohanga ā-papa, he mea nui te Hyperitdiabas nā te mea e tohu ana i ngā mahi maiangi tawhito e tiakina ana i roto i ngā hanganga kirinuku Precambrian.
Ahakoa i ētahi wā ka whakauruhia ki roto i ngā kōrero mō ngā kohatu māpere me ngā kohatu whakapaipai, ehara a Hyperitdiabas i te kohatu māpere, i te momo kohuke kotahi rānei. Nō te rōpū whānui o ngā toka whakauru māfic, ā, e whakahuatia ana mō ōna āhuatanga whenua, te pūmau, me te ātaahua ina tapahia, ina orohia.
Te Hītori me te Kitenga o Hyperitdiabas
Kua rangahaua a Hyperitdiabas e pā ana ki ngā hanganga whenua tawhito o Scandinavia, otirā o Huitene, kei reira ngā punaha toka nui o Precambrian e toro ana, e maha ngā kōwhatu diabase e uru ana. Kua whakaaturia e ngā rangahau whenua o Huitene ngā putanga o Hyperitdiabas hei tinana kōwhatu pōuri e tapahia ana ngā toka e tino tawhito ana ake i te whenua, e whakaatu ana i ngā tukunga puia me ngā nekehanga whenua tawhito i hanga i te kirinuku o Scandinavia.
Ko te kupu Hyperitdiabas i ahu mai i ngā rangahau ā-papa mō ngā momo diabase e mau ana i ngā huinga kōhatu hypersthene. I ngā rangahau tuatahi mō te whenua, i kitea e ngā kairangahau ngā rerekētanga i waenga i te diabase noa me ngā momo motuhake e whai rawa ana i ētahi kōhatu pyroxene. Āwhina ēnei rangahau ki te whakarōpū i a Hyperitdiabas hei momo toka motuhake, kaua ko te diabase noa.
Kua aro atu ki etahi putunga Hyperitdiabas nā te hononga ki ngā kohuke e mau ana i te rino, te titanium, me te vanadium. Ko te rohe rongonui o Taberg i te tonga o Huitene, hei tauira, kei roto he whakaurunga māfika nui i rangahaua i mua mō ngā rawa kohuke whakarewa. Ēnei rangahau ā-matawhenua i whai wāhi ki te mārama ake ki te hanganga, te huinga kohuke, me te hiranga ōhanga o ngā toka e pā ana ki te Hyperitdiabas.
Te Hanga me te Pūtaketake Āhuwhenua o Hyperitdiabas
Ka puta a Hyperitdiabas inā ka piki ake te whakarewa māfic ki roto i ngā whatiwhati, i ngā rohe ngoikore rānei i roto i te kirinuku o te Ao, ka mau ki raro i te mata. Nā te mea ka pōturi te whakarewa ki raro i te whenua, ka nui te wā mō ngā tio kohuke ki te whanake me te hono tahi, e whakaputa ana i te kakano tio motuhake o ngā toka whakauru taiārai. Mā te tukanga whakamātao e taea ai e te pākeho plagioclase me te pirokini te whakakaratia tahi, ka hanga i te hanganga kiko e mōhiotia ana mō te diabase.
Ko te whakapūtanga o Hyperitdiabas he hononga tata ki ngā mahi matawhenua o nehe, inarā i te wā o Precambrian i whakauruhia ai te nui o te whakarewa ki roto i te kirinuku o te whenua. Nā ēnei nekehanga whakarewa i hanga ai ngā ara whakarewa whānui me ngā paparanga whakarewa i muri ka kitea i te taha o ngā mano tau o te horo whenua me te hikanga matawhenua.
I te wā o tōna hanganga, ko ngā rerekētanga o te hanganga magma, te tere whakamatao, me te panonitanga matawhenua i muri mai i whakaawe i te āhua whakamutunga me te kohinga kohuke o Hyperitdiabas. Ko ētahi tauira e pupuri ana i tō rātou kākano ahi whenua taketake, ko ētahi atu rānei e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu o te panonitanga whakarerekē, tae atu ki te whanaketanga o ngā kohuke amphibole, ki ngā huringa rānei i te hanganga pyroxene.
Ngā Momo me ngā Rerekētanga o Hyperitdiabas
Kāore ngā momo kohuke whaimana o te Hyperitdiabas nā te mea he momo toka, ehara i te momo kohuke kotahi. Heoi, ka taea e ngā whakarōpūtanga ā-āhuwhenua me ā-arumoni te wehewehe i ngā āhua rerekē i runga i te rahi o ngā kirikiri, te panonitanga o ngā kohuke, me te āhua.
- Hyperitdiabas mataiti
He iti rawa ngā pata kohuke o tēnei momo, ā, he kiko, he kakano ōrite. He pango, he hinauri rānei te nuinga, ā, he pai ake mō ngā whakamahinga kōhatu whakamōrihia nā te mata maheni. - Hyperitdiabas kākano-waenga
Kei roto i tēnei momo he nui ake ngā tioata kitea o te feldspar me te pyroxene ina whakatauritea ki ngā momo kirikiri pai. Ko te hanga kohuke ka māmā ake te kite i ngā mata whati hou. - Hyperitdiabas whakarerekētia
Ko ētahi tauira kua whai huringa metamorphic i muri i te hanganga. Ka taea e ngā kōhuke tuarua pēnei i te amphibole te whakakapi i te pyroxene taketake, ka puta he rerekētanga i te kakano me te hanganga kōhuke. - Whakapaipai Hyperitdiabas
Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rawa kua kōwhiria me ngā tauira ātaahua, te tae pōuri ōrite, te kounga whakamōwai pai rānei mō ngā whakarākei, tae atu ki ngā papa kōhatu, ngā whakairo, me ngā tauira kohikohi.
Te Hanganga Kōhuke me ngā Āhuatanga Matū o Hyperitdiabas

Ko te Hyperitdiabas he toka whakauru uaua, ā, kāore he tātai matū motuhake nā te mea he maha ngā kohuke rerekē i titoa ai, kāore i te momo kohuke kotahi. Ko ōna wāhanga kohuke matua ko te plagioclase feldspar me ngā kohuke pyroxene, inarā ko te hypersthene me te augite. Ko te plagioclase feldspar te nuinga o te toka, ā, ko ngā kohuke pyroxene e whakakī ana i ngā wāhi i waenga i ngā tioata feldspar, me te whakaputa i te āhua pouri o te Hyperitdiabas. Ko te hypersthene, he kohuke silicate konupora-aukati nō te rōpū pyroxene, te āhuatanga kohuke e wehewehe ai te Hyperitdiabas i te maha o ngā momo diabase noa. Ko te nui o ngā kohuke whai konupora me te aukati e hōmiro ai te tae o te toka ki te hinauri, ki te pango, ki te pango-waireka rānei, ā, e whakapiki ai i tōna kiato teitei.
I tua atu i ngā kohuke matua, ka kitea pea i roto i te Hyperitdiabas ētahi kohuke whakauru iti ake e whakaawe ana i ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana me ōna āhuatanga ā-tirohanga. Ko ētahi kohuke whakauru noa ko te magnetite, te ilmenite, te amphibole, me ētahi atu wahanga kohuke whakapūrimu. He mea nui te magnetite me te ilmenite nā te mea ka whakanui ake i te ōwehenga o ngā taimaha ki roto i te toka, ā, ka pā pea ki tōna urupare autō. Ki ētahi taiao whenua, ka taea pea e ngā kohuke pyroxene taketake te whakarerekē, ā, ka huri haere hei amphibole, hei ētahi atu kohuke tuarua rānei, e whakaputa ana i ngā rerekētanga o te kakano me te hanganga kohuke i waenga i ngā tauira takitahi. Ko ēnei rerekētanga e whakamārama ana he aha i whakaatu ai ngā tauira Hyperitdiabas mai i ngā wāhi rerekē i ngā tae paku rerekē, ngā rahi o ngā kirikiri, me ngā tauira mata.
Mai i te tirohanga matū, ko te Hyperitdiabas he momo toka ahi māfika, arā, he nui ake te konupora me te rino i roto i a ia ina whakatauritea ki ngā toka felsic pērā i te kirikiri. Ko tōna hanganga e whakaatu ana i te matū o te maaka basaltic taketake i whakakoi ai ia. I te wā o te whakamatao, ka whakakotahi ngā huānga pērā i te konupūmā, te konupora, te rino, te konumohe, me te silicon ki te hanga i te whakahiatotanga kōhatu motuhake o te plagioclase me te pyroxene. Nā te mea ka rerekē ngā ōwehenga tika o ēnei kōhatu i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te maaka taketake me ngā panonitanga ā-āhuatanga o muri mai, ko te Hyperitdiabas e mārama ana hei momo toka me te whakahiatotanga kōhatu whānui, kaua ko te rauemi me te tātai matū pūmau.
Āhuatanga tinana o Hyperitdiabas
Ko te Hyperitdiabas he toka ahi whakauru mātotoru me te pakari, e mōhiotia ana mō tōna tae pango, tōna hanganga kikī, me tōna ātete ki te pākurakura. Ko ōna taonga ā-tinana e pātata ana ki tōna hanganga kohuke mafic, inarā te whai ake o te pyroxene me ngā kohuke whai rino. Ko ngā mata hou e kitea ana he pango hina, he pango, he pango tonu rānei, engari ko ētahi tauira e whakaatu ana i ngā tara parauri me te paku kākāriki i runga i te panonitanga kohuke. I te nuinga o te wā, he kākano pai ki te kākano waenga tō te toka, e hanga ana i tētahi āhua ōrite e kitea ake ana ina tapahia, whakamōhiohia hoki te mata.
Ko te pakeke o Hyperitdiabas e whakatauhia ana i te nuinga o te wā ki te 5 ki te 6 i runga i te tauine pakeke o Mohs, e whakaatu ana i te whānuitanga o te pakeke o ōna wāhanga kōhatu matua, tae atu ki te feldspar me te pyroxene. He mea pūrangiaho tēnei me te hanganga kirikiri pūtohu, ā, kāore e whakawhiti mārama. I tōna āhua māori, he pūhoi, he pūrei rānei te mata o Hyperitdiabas, engari ko ngā tauira kua oti te whakakoi ka taea te whakaputa i te mata maeneene me te kanapa whakaata ngāwari. Nā tēnei kaha ki te whakakoi, me tōna tae pōuriuri hōhonu, e tika ai ētahi momo whiriwhiri mō ngā whakamahinga kōhatu whakapaipai.
He tino teitei te kiato o te Hyperitdiabas, e 2.8 ki te 3.1 g/cm³ te nuinga, i runga anō i te nui o ngā kohuke taimaha pēnei i te pyroxene, te magnetite, me te ilmenite e noho ana. Nā tōna hanganga karaihe e tino hono ana, ka pai tōna kaha mīhini me tōna ātete ki te horo. Nā te iti o te poka o te toka, ka whakaitihia te mimiti wai, ka pai ake hoki tōna āheitanga ki te tu atu ki ngā āhuatanga taiao o waho. Nā ēnei āhuatanga i whakamahia ai ki ētahi mahi hoahoanga, whakamaharatanga, me te hanga whare e hiahiatia ana he kōhatu pango, pūmau.
Hanganga Tioata me te Kakano o Hyperitdiabas
Kāore a Hyperitdiabas i te whai i tētahi hanganga tioata kotahi, nā te mea ehara ia i te kohuke takitahi, engari he whakaranu o ētahi kohuke tioata maha i hanga tahi i te whakamataotanga o te magma. Engari, kaua e whai i tētahi whakaritenga ngota e tukurua ana, ko tōna hanganga ā-roto he tioata tipu tahi o te plagioclase feldspar, te pyroxene, me ētahi kohuke whakauru iti. Ko tēnei whakaritenga kohuke e hanga ai te kākano diabasic angamaheni, e whakaaturia ana e ngā tioata plagioclase e kōpekatia ana e ngā kohuke pyroxene i roto i tētahi tauira hono tahi kiato.
Ko te āhua o te Hyperitdiabas e whakaatu ana i ngā pārongo matua e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga i puta ai te toka. Ka puta mai ina kuhu te magma mafic ki roto i ngā kapiti, i ngā whatiwhati rānei o te kirinuku o Papatūānuku, ā, ka mātao ake i ngā toka puia e kitea ana i te mata. Ko te tukanga mātao pōturi rawa e taea ai e ngā tioata kohuke te whanake, ahakoa he iti ake i ērā e kitea ana i roto i ngā toka kuhu hōhonu pērā i te gabbro. Ko ngā rerekētanga o te tere mātao, te hanganga magma, me te hōhonutanga o te kuhunga ka whai pānga ki te rahi o ngā kirikiri whakamutunga me te āhua whānui o te toka.
Whai muri i tōna hanganga taketake, ka pāngia pea a Hyperitdiabas e ngā tukanga ā-whenua o muri mai pērā i te metamorphism, te whakarereketanga, me te panonitanga matū. Ka taea e ēnei tukanga te whakarerekē i te hanganga kohuke taketake mā te whakakapi i ētahi kohuke pyroxene ki te amphibole, mā te whakauru rānei i ngā kohuke tuarua ki ngā kapa me ngā wāhi. I raro i te tirotiro whakaora, ka whakaatu a Hyperitdiabas i te hononga ahuatanga i waenga i ngā tioata feldspar me pyroxene, e taea ai e ngā tohunga matawhenua te tautuhi i te toka me te ako i tōna hītori whenua. Ka hōmai hoki e te kākano he tohu mō te nekeneke o te magma tawhito me te whanaketanga o te kirinuku papakōwhenua i hanganga ai te toka.
Te Putanga me ngā Wāhi o Hyperitdiabas
Ko Hyperitdiabas te mea e tino hono ana ki ngā rohe whenua Precambrian o Huitene, kei reira e puta ana hei wāhanga o ngā pūnaha urutomo mafic tawhito. I puta ēnei toka i ngā piriona tau ki muri i te urunga o te magma ki ngā whatiwhatinga me ngā wāhi ngoikore i roto i te kirinuku whenua o mua. Nā ngā wā roa o te mahi whenua, te horo whenua me te hikitanga i whakaputa i ēnei hanganga toka hōhonu ki te mata, e taea ai te rangahau me te whakamahi hei rawa kōhatu māori.
Ko te putanga nui o Hyperitdiabas kei te tonga me te pokapū o Huitene, inarā i ngā rohe e hono ana ki ngā hanganga whenua nui pērā i te Rohe Protogine. Ko te rohe o Taberg e tata ana ki Jönköping tētahi o ngā wāhi rongonui rawa atu e hono ana ki ngā toka e pā ana ki te Hyperitdiabas. Kua arohia tēnei rohe e te hunga mātauranga whenua nā tōna hanganga kohuke tāwaha me te noho mai o ngā kohuke whakarewa rino, titanium, me vanadium. Ko ngā rangahau o ēnei putanga kua whakarato kōrero whai hua mō ngā tukanga whakarewa tawhito me te whanaketanga o te papa whenua o Scandinavian.
Ahakoa ko te Hyperitdiabas e mōhiotia nuitia ana mai i ngā putunga o Huitene, ko ngā toka diabase whai hypersthene rite tonu ka puta i ētahi atu rohe tawhito o te ao. Heoi, ko te ingoa motuhake Hyperitdiabas e hono ana ki te mātauranga pūtaiao o Hanana me te rangahau pūtaiao o Huitene. Ka noho tonu ēnei putunga hei mea nui mō te mārama ki te whanaketanga o te kirinuku o Precambrian, ki te mahi a te magma mafic, me te hononga i waenga i ngā toka urutomo me ngā rawa kōhuke e pā ana.
Ngā whakamahinga o Hyperitdiabas
Kua whakamahia te Hyperitdiabas mo nga kaupapa mahi me nga kaupapa whakapaipai na te mea he kaha, he pango te tae, me te kaha ki te whakaputa mata whakakoi. Ko tetahi o ana whakamahinga e mohiotia ana ko te kohatu whakapaipai. Ka tapahia, ka whakakoi, ka taea e te Hyperitdiabas te kounga te whakaatu i te ahua pango hohonu, hina hina ranei me nga rereketanga o nga kohuke iti, e tika ana mo nga papa whakapaipai, nga taipitopito hoahoanga, nga whakamaharatanga, me etahi atu hua kohatu. Na te taurite o te tae me te kaha o te hanganga, ka taea e ia te whakarato i tetahi momo rereke ki nga kohatu maamaa e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i te hanga whare.
I roto i te hanga me te whenua whakapaipai, ka whakamahia te Hyperitdiabas hei kōhatu inenga, hei kōhatu kuru rānei nā tōna kaha, tōna kiato, me tōna ātete ki te hāwaretanga. Ko tōna tae pōuri e uaina nuitia ana i ngā kaupapa e hiahiatia ai te āhua hou, te āhua rerekē rānei. Ki te whakataurite ki ngā kōhatu whakapaipai māene, ko tōna hanganga kohuke kiato e whakarato ana i te pūmau pai i ngā taiao o waho, ahakoa e whakawhirinaki ana te tōtika ki te kounga me ngā āhuatanga o ngā putunga takitahi.
Ko te Hyperitdiabas e whakanuia ana hoki e ngā kaikohi, e ngā kaingākau ki ngā toka whakapaipai, e ngā kairangahau whenua hoki. Ko ngā tauira ataahua me ngā taratara whakamīharo, ngā rerekētanga kōhatu rānei e kitea ana, ka taea te tapahi hei wāhanga whakakoi, hei whakaaturanga, hei tauira mātauranga rānei. Mai i te tirohanga pūtaiao, he mea nui tonu te Hyperitdiabas nā te mea e mau ana i ngā tukanga whenua tawhito, tae atu ki te urunga o te mākūkū, te whakatautau o ngā kōhatu, me te whanaketanga o te kiripapa o te whenua o Precambrian. Mā ngā rangahau whenua, e whakarato tonu ana tēnei toka i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hītori me te whanaketanga o te pōro whenua o mua.