Ko te Mellite he kohuke pararopi onge e titoa ana i te konumohe mellitate mākū, me te tātai matū e whakaaetia ana ko Al₂[C₆(COO)₆]·16H₂O. Kāore i rite ki te nuinga o ngā kohuke, e puta ake ana i ngā pūhui parakore pērā i te silicates, oxides, sulfides rānei, ko te Mellite e ahu mai ana i te waikawa pararopi e kīia nei ko te waikawa mellitic (benzenehexacarboxylic acid). Ka whakakikoruatia i roto i te pūnaha whakakikorua tetragonal, ā, ka whakawhanake i ngā tioata piripirāmia pai te hanga, e whānui ana te tae mai i te kōwhai-honī horotea me te ami matawhenua ki te parāone-kāriki hōhonu. He mārama ki te māramarama te kohuke, me te kanapa karaihe ki te kapia, ā, he mārō iti tōna, āhua 2 ki te 2.5 i te tauine Mohs. Nā te matū noa iho o tōna matū me tōna āhua tioata motuhake, ka kiia ko te Mellite tētahi o ngā tauira tino rongonui o ngā kohuke pararopi māori, ā, ka noho tonu hei momo whakahirahira mō te rangahau kohuke me ngā kohinga kohuke motuhake.
Ko te hanganga o te Mellite e hono tata ana ki nga putunga waro lignite me te parauri, i reira e whakaemi ana te nui o nga mea pararopi a kua puta ke i te huringa whenua i roto i nga miriona tau. I te wa e puhoi haere ana te whakawarea me te pirau o nga rawa i ahu mai i nga tipu, ka taea e nga pūhui pararopi matatini te whakaputa i te waikawa mellitic i raro i nga ahuatanga matūwhenua e tika ana. Ka heke te waiwhenua e mau ana i nga katote konumohe memeha ki roto i enei parataiao waro, ka puta nga tauhohenga matū i waenga i te konumohe me nga waikawa pararopi, ka whakaputa i nga pūhui konumohe-mellitate pūmau. I te mea e huri haere ana nga ahuatanga taiao pēnei i te pH, te pāmahana, me te kukū o te wairewa, ka tio enei pūhui hei Mellite i roto i nga kapiti, nga kōhao, me nga māwāwā o nga papa waro. Na te mea ko tēnei tukanga e hiahia ana ki te whakakotahitanga motuhake o te matū pararopi, te hanganga waiwhenua, me te pūmau o te whenua, he tino onge nga putanga o te Mellite, ā, i te nuinga o te wā ka herea ki nga taiao parataiao iti-mahana.
I whakaaetia tuatahi a Mellite i te mutunga o te rau tau tekau mā waru mai i ngā putunga waro mākū e tata ana ki Artern i Thuringia, Tiamana, i reira ka arohia e ngā tohunga kohuke me ngā tohunga matū o mua, nā tōna hanganga rerekē. I akongia te kohuke e Christian Ehrenfried Weigel i te tau 1789, ā, i whakaingoatia ōkawatia i te tau 1792 mai i te kupu Kariki meli, te tikanga “mīere,” hei tohu mō tōna kōwhai āhua. Puta noa i te rau tau tekau mā iwa, ka noho a Mellite hei kaupapa nui mō te whanaketanga o te matū waro, nā te mea ko ia tētahi o ngā tauira tuatahi e mōhiotia ana o te pūhui waro tūturu ka kitea i roto i te taiao. Nā ngā kitenga o muri mai, i whānui haere tōna tohatoha ki ētahi wāhi Pākehā, inarā ki ngā rohe e mau ana i te waro o Hanekeria, Ateria, me te Repupiripia Tieke. I ēnei rā, ka whakanuia tonutia a Mellite hei kohuke whai tikanga pūtaiao e whakaatu ana i ngā whakawhitiwhitinga matatini i waenga i te matū waro me ngā tukanga whenua i roto i ngā taiao parataiao.
Hanganga Tioata, Tae, me ngā Āhuatanga Matakite o Mellite
Ko te Mellite e whakatoi ana i roto i te pūnaha tioata tetragonal, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā ka kitea he kāwhatu dipyramidal kua tino whanakehia, ā, ka rite pea ki te oktahedral ina tirohia tuatahitia. He maha tonu ngā pūtoi tioata e whakaatu ana i ngā tapa koi, ngā mata tioata maeneene, me te taumata tiketike o te hangarite, ahakoa ka puta anō te kohuke hei papatipu kirikiri, hei whakahiato kiato, hei kāhui tioata hautupua i roto i ngā putunga lignite. Ko te hanganga tioata e hangaia ana i runga i ngā katote konumohe e herea ana ki ngā anioni mellitate me ngā ngota wai, e whakaputa ana i tētahi anga whaiāwaro mākū, e tino rerekē ana ki ngā hanganga silikati e kitea ana i roto i te nuinga o ngā kohuke noa. Nā tēnei matū i reka ai te pākaha iti o te Mellite, te paheko taumaha iti, me te pāpā ki te whakaheke wai ina pā ki ngā hurihanga taiao mō te wā roa. Ko te whānuitanga o te tae o te kohuke mai i te kōwhai mīere kōrari me te amipere koura ki te kōwhai karaka, te karaka whero, te kōwhai parauri, ā, i etahi wā, tata ki te kore tae. Ko ngā rerekētanga o te tae e tohua ana ki ngā paru hautupua, te matotoru o te tioata, me ngā rerekētanga o ngā tikanga i hanga ai ngā tioata.
Mai i te tirohanga whatu, ka whakarōpūhia te Mellite hei kohuke torotika kāore i te tōpū, e rite ana ki tōna hangarite tapawhā. Kei a ia ngā pūtohu whakaata e noho ana i waenga i te 1.51 ki te 1.54, ā, ka whakaatu ia i te pīataata ngoikore ki te āhua whānui, e whakaputa ana i ngā pānga whatu papai ina tirohia i raro i te mārama whakaauru. He māramarama ki te āhua pūataata ngā tioata hou, ā, e whakaatu ana i te pīataata karaihe ki te pīataata kapia iti, engari ko ngā mata kua taukūria ka āhua pūhoi, nā te whakamaroke, te panoni rānei. Ko ngā porohita angiangi e tirohia ana i raro i te mārama whakawhiti, ka whakaatu i te āhua māramarama ki te kōwhai kōriana, e whakaata ana i te itinga o te whakaūnga o te kohuke ki te roangaru kitea. Kua pūrongotia hoki ētahi tauira e whakaatu ana i te kāpōtiro ngoikore i raro i te pāoho ukutā, e whakaatu ana i te kōwhai māramarama, te kikorangi-mā, te kirīmi rānei, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hanganga o te tauira me te tūwāhi. Ko ēnei āhuatanga whatu, ka honoa ki tōna matū waro kāore i te noa, me tōna āhua tioata motuhake, e whakatairanga ana i te Mellite hei kohuke matua mō ngā tirotirotanga kiripapa, whatu, me te matūwhenua.
Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana me te Matū o Mellite
Mellite he kohuke konumohe mellitate haumākū e mōhiotia ana mō tōna whakakotahitanga motuhake o te matū rauropi me te hanganga kohuke tioata. Ko tōna tātai matū e whakaae ana, Al₂[C₆(COO)₆]·16H₂O, e whakaata ana i te noho o ngā katote konumohe e herea ana ki ngā anion mellitate i ahu mai i te waikawa mellitate, me ngā ngota wai tekau mā ono kua whakaurua ki te whakatakotoranga tioata. I te taha ā-tinana, ko te Mellite e tohua ana e te mārō iti o Mohs e tata ana ki te 2 ki te 2.5, te taumaha motuhake e tata ana ki te 1.6 ki te 1.7, me te pakarutanga kōiwi. I te nuinga o te wā, e whakaatu ana i te wehenga kino me te whati kōeka ki te whati ā-koi. Nā te nui o te wai me te hanganga haumākū, ka taea e te kohuke te whakapākūkū ki te roa o te rongo ki te wera, ki ngā āhuatanga maroke, ki te whakarerekē matū rānei, ka puta pea te whakakorenga wai me te pāpā haere o te kounga tioata i roto i te wā.
Mā te matū, ko te Mellite tētahi o ngā kohuke iti e mōhiotia ana i hangaia tuatahi mai i te waikawa waro, kaua i te anioni kore-warowaro pērā i te silicate, sulfate, carbonate rānei. Nā tēnei hanganga ahurei e noho ai ia i roto i te akomanga kohuke waro, ā, he kaupapa nui ia mō ngā rangahau o te matūwhenua waro me te hanganga kohuke. E whakarewa ana te kohuke ki ngā waikawa kaha me ngā wairewa kawakawa, i reira e pakaru ai tōna hanganga karaihe, ā, ka tuku atu i ngā katote konumohe me te katote mellitate ki te wairewa. Ina whakamahanatia, ka ngaro haere te wai whakatai o te Mellite i mua i te pirau, ka mutu ka puta he toenga waro-nui me ngā pūhui konumohe. Ko tōna pūmau matū e tino kaha ana i roto i ngā taiao parataiao waro-nui me te pāmahana iti e hanga ai ia, inā koa i roto i ngā putunga lignite me te waro parauri. Nā te whakakotahitanga o te anga whakamākū, ngā wāhanga rāpoi ngota waro, me te matū ruruku konumohe, ko te Mellite tētahi o ngā momo kohuke tino motuhake matū e mōhiotia ana.
Ngā Whakamahinga me te Hiranga Tūāhua o Mellite
Nā tōna kore noa iho, tōna ngāwari, me tōna aro ki ngā āhuatanga taiao, he iti noa iho ngā whakamahinga ahumahi whaihua o Mellite. Ko tōna uara matua kei roto i ngā marau o te pūtaiao kōhatu, te pūtaiao matū whenua, me te tiaki whare taonga. Ka rangahaua e ngā pūtaiao a Mellite hei tauira tino rongonui o te kōhatu waro māori, e whakaatu ana i ngā hononga i waenga i te matū waro me ngā tukanga āwhenua i roto i ngā taiao parataiao. He mea nui hoki te kōhatu nei ki te rangahau e pā ana ki te hanganga o ngā pūhui waro i roto i ngā putunga waro me te whanonga matū whenua o te konumohe i roto i ngā pūnaha iti-pāmahana. Mō ngā kaikohi, ka tino rapuhia ngā tioata Mellite e tika ana te hanga, nā tō rātou āhua tioata tapawhā motuhake, te matū kāore i te noa, me te iti o te putanga puta noa i te ao. Ko ngā tauira papai ka tiakina i roto i ngā kohinga whare taonga, i ngā pūranga whare wānanga, me ngā kohinga tūmataiti motuhake, kaua e whakamahia hei whakapaipai, hei taonga whakapaipai rānei.
I roto i ngā tikanga metaphysical, e hono ana a Mellite ki te māramatanga o te hinengaro, te whanaketanga o te mātauranga, me te panonitanga pai o te tangata. Nā tōna tae kōwhai-honihoni, i hono ai ētahi kaimahi kiripara ki ngā kaupapa o te ngākau pai, te māia, te auahatanga, me te taurite o ngā kare ā-roto. E whakaponohia ana e te tangata he āwhina te kohuke nei ki te aro, ki te whakatau kaupapa, me te tuku i ngā tauira whakaaro kino, he kōhatu rongonui hoki mō te whakaaroaro me te whakaataata wairua. Ka hono hoki ētahi kaimahi ki te chakra o te pōhau o te rā, e kī ana he kōhatu e whakatenatena ana i te tipuranga whaiaro, te mōhio ki a koe anō, me te hihiri i roto. Heoi, e hāngai ana ēnei whakamārama metaphysical ki ngā whakapono wairua me ngā tikanga ahurea, kaua ki ngā taunakitanga pūtaiao, ā, kāore he rangahau pūtaiao i whakaatu he mana whakaora, he pūngao rānei tā Mellite i tua atu i ōna āhuatanga kohuke e mōhiotia ana.