Ko te Orthoclase he kohuke tino noa e hanga ana i te nuinga o te kirinuku o te whenua. No te whānau feldspar, inarā ko ngā pāhare pāporo feldspars, ā, ko tōna tātai matū ko KAlSi3O8. Ka kitea e koe i roto i ngā toka maha o ia rā pērā i te granite, i reira ka puta mai he kirikiri māwhero, mā, hina rānei. Ko tētahi o ōna āhuatanga rongonui ko te āhua o tana whati: e rua ōna papa "cleavage" papatahi e tūtaki ana i te koki 90-tohu tika. Koinei tonu te take i ahu mai ai tōna ingoa, nā te mea ko "orthos" te tikanga he "tika" me "klasis" he "whati" i te reo Kariki. He kohuke tino pūmau hoki, e whakamahia ana hei paerewa whaimana mō te taumata 6 i te tauine pakeke o Mohs.
Ko te Orthoclase e puta mai ana i te whakamatao o te toka whakarewa, te magma ranei. Ina whakamatao haere te magma e whai ana i te pāhare pāporo me te tioata ki raro hōhonu o te whenua, ka tīmata te tipu o ngā tioata orthoclase. Koia te take e tino kitea ai i roto i ngā toka "plutonic" pērā i te granite. Ki te whakamatao tino tere te magma (pērā i te wā o te hūnga puia), ka puta he momo rerekē e kīia ana ko te sanidine. Ka taea hoki te hanga orthoclase i te wā o te whakapakeketanga pēhanga-nui, e whakawerahia ai, e kōmitimitia ai ngā toka tae noa ki te whakatikatika i ō rātou kohuke. Heoi, i roto i ngā miriona tau, ki te whakapā atu te orthoclase ki te wai me te huarere i te mata o te whenua, ka pakaru haere hei kohuke paru māeneene pērā i te kaolinite. Mō te hītori pūtaiao, i whakaingoatia ōkawatia te orthoclase i te tau 1823 e te tohunga kohuke Tiamana a August Breithaupt. Mō ngā rau tau, kua whakamahia e te tangata mō ngā take whaihua; nā te mea e āwhina ana i ētahi atu rawa kia rewa māmā ake, he kai matua tēnei i roto i te hanga karaihe me te uku. He wāhi motuhake hoki tōna i roto i te mātai whenua nā te mea kei roto he pūmua pāhare pāporo iraruke. Ka ine ngā tohunga mātai whenua i te pirau o tēnei pāhare pāporo hei hau argon hei tātai i te pakeke tika o ngā toka e miriona tau te pakeke. Hei whakamutunga, ahakoa e whakamahia ana te nuinga o te orthoclase mō te ahumahi, ko ngā momo mārama, kanapa rānei—e kīia ana ko te Moonstone—kua whakamahia i roto i ngā whakapaipai mō ngā mano tau nā te āhua ahurei, whiti ana.
Ngā Āhuatanga Whatu me ngā Āhuatanga Moroiti o te Orthoclase
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Ko te tioata orthoclase ma nei e whakaatu ana i te tae iti o te birefringence i raro i nga pou whiti. |
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Ko te karaehe Orthoclase e whakaatu ana i ngā tauira mate. |
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Kia kitea te wehenga o te 90 nga nekehanga i waenganui o te karaihe. |
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Ko nga tioata orthoclase he kore tae i raro i te marama polarized noa, he tino iti nga tae birefringence (kiwikiwi, ma ranei) i raro i te marama polarized whiti. |
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Koekoeko Orthoclase e karapī ana i te koekoeko plagioclase. |
He aha te whakamahinga o te Orthoclase?
Ko te Orthoclase he mahi takirua, he rawa matua mo te ahumahi, he taputapu hirahira hoki mo te rangahau whenua. Ko tana whakamahinga arumoni matua kei roto i te ahumahi uku me te karaihe, e mahi ana hei kaiwhakarewa. Na te mea he nui te konupūmā kei roto i te orthoclase, ka whakaheke tika i te pāmahana whakarewa o te silica i te wā o te mahi tahu. Ka whakaiti tēnei i te whakapau kaha, ka puta mai hoki ngā hua oti pakari ake, pērā i te porcelain, te taputapu horoi, me ngā taera pakitara. I te rāngai karaihe, ka whakamahia hei whakapai ake i te pūmau matū me te pakeke o ngā ipu karaihe me te muka karaihe. Hei āpiti atu, nā te pakeke o te 6 i te tauine Mohs, ka whakamahia te orthoclase kua whakapuru pai hei kaiwhakapuru māmā i roto i ngā paura horoi me ngā kaiwhakapuru.
I roto i te marautanga o te whenua, he mea tino nui te orthoclase mō tōna tūranga i roto i te geochronology. Nā te mea kei roto i te kohuke te radioactive isotope Potassium-40, ka noho hei karaka ā-whenua. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaipūtaiao ngā tikanga Potassium-Argon me Argon-Argon ki te ine i te pirau o te pāhare pāporo ki te hauhā argon e mau ana i roto i te anga karaihe. Mā tēnei tukanga e taea ai e ngā kairangahau te whakatau i te pakeke tūturu o ngā hanganga toka, hei āwhina ki te mahere i te wātaka o ngā hūnga puia me ngā nekehanga tectonic puta noa i te hītori o te Ao. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o te orthoclase e pau ana i te ahumahi taumaha, ko ngā momo mārama-nui, āhua-motuhake rānei e whakamahia ana hoki i te rāngai gemological. Ko te tauira tino rongonui ko te Moonstone, e whakanuia ana mō ōna tauira pokanoa whatu, ā, ka tapahia-pū mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā whakapaipai.