Ko Chabazite he mea whakamīharo i roto i ngā kohuke zeolite, e whakanuia ana e ngā tohunga whenua me ngā pūkaha ahumahi mō tōna āhua tioata rhombohedral motuhake me ōna āhuatanga whakawhiti katote tino nui, tino kaha. Hei mema matua o te rōpū zeolite, nō te whānau motuhake o ngā kohuke aluminosilicate whākōnuka i whānau mai i ngā taiao kaha o ngā rua puia, i te panoni pōturi rānei o te pungarehu parataiao. Ko tōna hoahoanga matū matatini e whakaaturia ana e te tātai
(Ca,Na₂,K₂,Mg)Al₂Si₄O₁₂·6H₂O ,he titoenga taurangi e whakaatu ana i tōna kaha ki te manaaki i ngā kātene rangatira rerekē i runga i tōna “wāhi whānau” ā-āhuwhenua.
I tua atu i tōna whaihua matū, he nui te hītori o te kōhuke; i kitea tuatahitia i te mutunga o te rau tau 1800, ā, nā René Just Haüy, te tohunga kōhuke rongonui o Wīwī i whakaingoa, nāna i whakatakoto ngā pūtaketanga o te whakatakotoranga kirikiri hou. Ko te ingoa “chabazite” e whakaatu ana i ngā takenga tawhito, i ahu mai i te kupu Kariki chabazios (te tikanga "ngāwari te whati"), he tohu tika ki te wehenga rhombohedral tino pai o te kohuke e taea ai te whati ki ngā kongakonga āhuahanga pai. I tēnei rā, ko tēnei kōhatu "ngāwari te whati" he toa hangarau teitei, e whakamahia ana hei tātari ngota ngota mārire hei tātari i ngā rerenga hau me te whakaora i ngā paitini taiao, e whakaatu ana kua piki noa atu tōna uara mai i tōna kitenga i ngā rau tau e rua kua hipa.
I roto i tōna anau matua, ko te chabazite he kohuke konupūmā konutai konumohe silicite mākū, ahakoa he rerekē te āhua o tōna tuakiri matū; i runga anō i tōna taiao whenua, ka uru ngā pūngao pēnei i te pāhare pāporo me te konupora ki roto i tōna anga. Nō te rōpū tectosilicate tēnei kohuke, e kitea ana e te anga toru-ahu kaha o ngā tetrahedra SiO₄ me AlO₄ e hono tahi ana. Ka honoa ēnei waeine tetrahedral e ngā ngota hāora tiritahi hei hanga i tētahi anga whīwhīwhīwhī, rite-whare e mōhiotia ana ko te hanganga “momo-chabazite” (CHA). Ka tautuhia tēnei āhua o roto e ngā kōhao nui, tuwhera e hono ana ki ngā matapihi mōwā waru-mema whāiti, e hanga ana i tētahi tātari rāpoi ngota māori.
Ko te hanga o tēnei pūare nui e whakawhiwhia ana ki te chabazite i ōna pūkenga mahi tino whakamīharo: te kaha ki te whakauru me te tuku i ngā rāpoi wai i runga i te hurihanga kore e taka (te whakamaroke me te whakamākū), te kaha ki te whakawhiti katote whiriwhiri hei "whakawhiti" i ngā katote ki ōna taiao, me te mana ki te hopu i ngā haurehu motuhake me ngā rāpoi moroiti i roto i ōna whare rāpoi. Nā tēnei huinga ahurei o te ngāwari matū me te pūmau hanganga—e whakaaturia ana e te tātai whānui (Ca,Na₂,K₂,Mg)Al₂Si₄O₁₂·6H₂O—e hiki ake ai te chabazite mai i te mea he mīharo matawhenua noa ki tētahi rawa tino nui i roto i te whakawhanake ahumahi, te hopu waro, me te tātari taiao.
Te Ahua me te Tautuhi o Chabazite
I roto i te mara, e mōhiotia nuitia ana te chabazite mō tōna ātaahua me te āhua hangarite o te whakaaturanga. Ahakoa he kore tae, he mā rānei i tōna āhua parakore, ko te noho mai o ngā parakore iti, o ngā katote tino nui rānei, ka taea te huri i tōna kākano ki ngā ātārangi māeneene o te māwhero, te ārani-āwhiowhio, te kōwhai kōmā, te whero-parauri rānei. Ko ēnei tioata e whakaatu ana i te kanapa karaihe (karaihe) me te rerekē mai i te mārama ki te mārama, e mau ana i te marama i roto i te ara e whakaatu ana i ōna tapa āhuahanga koi.
Ko te tautuhi i te chabazite e hiahia ana ki te titiro matatau ki ona āhuatanga tinana motuhake, e wehewehe ai i a ia mai i ētahi atu mema o te whānau zeolite:
- Tikanga Karaihe: Ko tōna āhuatanga tino whakamārama ko te pūnaha karaihe rhombohedral. He maha ngā wā ka puta ēnei karaihe hei “pseudo-cubic,” arā, he rite ki ngā porowhita paku kōpī ki te kanohi tangata. Ka wehewehe tēnei i a rātou i ngā tikanga ngira-rite (kiko) o ngā zeolites pērā i te natrolite, mordenite rānei.
- Te mahi takirua: He maha nga wa e whakaatu ana te Chabazite i te mahi takirua whakauru, ka puta mai nga tioata e rua, neke atu ranei e tipu ana ki roto i tetahi ki tetahi. Ka waihangahia e tenei nga tautau āhuahanga whakauru uaua, he tohu nui o te momo.
- Te Wawahi me te Whati: E tika ana ki ōna pūtakenga kupu, he wehenga rhombohedral motuhake te chabazite. Ina whati, ka whati ki ngā kongakonga rhombic ōrite, kaua ki ngā maramara koretake.
- Ngā Tau Tūturu: E noho ana i te 4 ki te 5 i te tauine pakeke o Mohs, he pakeke ake i te kāratīte engari he ngāwari ake i te feldspar. Ko tōna taumaha motuhake iti (tata ki te 2.05 ki te 2.20) he whakaaturanga tinana o tōna hanganga ā-roto, rite-whare herehere.
- Kohuke Kāmeha: Ko te horopaki te mea matua mō te tautuhi; ka kitea te chabazite i roto i ngā kōhao o ngā toka basaltic, he maha ngā wā e noho tahi ana me te stilbite, heulandite, calcite, quartz rānei.
Ka pai a Chabazite hei kōhatu whakapaipai?
Ahakoa ka taea e te chabazite te whakaatu i te whānuitanga o ngā tae kōmā me te ātaahua—mai i ngā māwhero āhua pākehā ki ngā kōwhai māeneene, mārama—he uaua tonu te whakaaro hei kōwhiringa whaihua mō ngā whakapaipai auraki. Ko te ārai matua kei tōna whakaraerae ā-tinana; me te taumata pakeke o Mohs e 4 ki te 5 anake, he tino ngāwari rawa te kōhatu ki te tū atu i ngā pākanga me ngā waku o ia rā e pā ana ki ngā mōwhiti me ngā poroporo. I tua atu, he uaua te kitea o te chabazite i roto i te āhua "ma" rānei "mā te kanohi". Ko tōna anga o roto, he rite ki te whare herehere, e anga noa ana ki te mārama kore, kaua ki te mārama tino tiketike e hiahiatia ana mō te tapahi ā-whakapaipai tawhito.Nā te mea kāore e tino mārama ēnei tioata, he tino uaua ki ngā kaitapahi kōhatu me ngā kaiwhakapaipai te mahi ki a rātou. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te kaitapahi kōhatu te whakaora i tētahi kokonga iti noa iho o te tioata māwhero rānei, kore tae rānei, hei whakaputa i tētahi kōhatu oti. Nō reira, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka kite koe i te chabazite i roto i tētahi kāpata kohinga kōhatu, kaua i roto i te kohinga whakapaipai. Ahakoa ngā whare taonga rongonui e tohunga ana ki ngā kōhatu "tāwahi" rānei "mīharo", he uaua te whai i ngā tauira chabazite kua tapahia, nā reira ko te kōhatu kua tapahia he taonga tino nui mō ngā kaikohinga motuhake.
Ngā Wāhi Nui me ngā Takahanga Tāwhaiwhenua
Ko te Chabazite e horahia whānuitia ana puta noa i te ao, e kitea ana i te nuinga o te wā e whakakikorua ana i ngā kōhao me ngā pūpū o ngā toka puia pērā i te basalt me te phonolite, e puta ana rānei i roto i te tuff kua whakarerekētia me ngā pūtanga parataiao. Ko ēnei taiao kanorau e whakaputa ana i ngā hanganga matū me ngā tikanga karaihe rerekē i runga i te āhuatanga o te matū whenua o te rohe.
Ngā wāhi rongonui mō ngā tauira chabazite taumata-ao ko:
- Nova Scotia, Kānata: Ko ngā pari pōhaku o te whanga o Fundy, inarā ko Wasson’s Bluff, e rongonui ana te ao mō te whakaputa i ngā tautau nui, ātaahua o te chabazite tae āhua kōwhai.
- Itari: Ko ngā rohe puia e tata ana ki Rōma me Naples, tae atu ki ngā moutere o Sicily me Sardinia, i whakarato i ngā tauira kohuke nui i ngā wā o mua, he maha ngā wā e hono ana ki ētahi atu zeolites onge.
- Te Hononga o Amerika Ko te nuinga o ngā tauira kounga tiketike e kitea ana i ngā toka puia o Oregon, Arizona, me New Jersey. Ko Arizona, inā rawa, e whakahaere ana i ngā putunga chabazite parataiao nui e keria ana mō ngā whakamahinga ahumahi pēnei i te tātari wai.
- Inia Ko nga Deccan Traps e tata ana ki Pune me Nasik he mea rongonui mo te whakaputa i te tini o nga zeolites, i reira ka kitea te chabazite i te taha o nga kohuke penei i te stilbite me te apophyllite.
- Ko te Airangi ki te Raki me te Koterangi: Ko ngā mānia pōhaku o County Antrim me te Moutere o Skye he hītori roa o te whakaputa i ngā tioata rhombohēdral kore tae me te mā.
- Ahitereiria: Ko ngā rohe puia o New South Wales me Tasmania e mōhiotia ana mō te whakaputa i ngā tioata mārama, tino mārama e whakanuia ana e ngā kaikohi.
Ahakoa ehara i te mea uaua rawa te whakairo i te chabazite, he ngawari rawa mo te whakapaipai. Heoi, he iti noa iho pea nga chabazite kua tapahia na te mea he tino uaua te rawa e taea ana te whakairo.